Children born into families with a history of allergies can be predisposed to developing allergies themselves. Allergies are common in children, with some studies indicating that up to 40% of children have at least one allergy.

The good news is that early exposure to certain allergens can help children build a tolerance and protect them from developing allergies later in life.

What is an allergy?

An allergy is an abnormal response of the immune system to a normally harmless substance like pollen, dust, certain foods, or pet dander.

When the body encounters an allergen, it produces antibodies that trigger the release of histamines and other chemicals, leading to symptoms like swelling, itching, hives, and difficulty breathing.

Allergy prevention strategies

The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) recommends the following strategies to prevent allergies in children:.

1. Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding can help boost a baby’s immune system and reduce the risk of developing allergies. Breast milk contains immunoglobulin A (IgA), which can help protect against allergens.

2. Delayed introduction of solid foods

Introducing solid foods too early may increase the risk of developing allergies. The AAAAI recommends introducing solid foods at around 6 months of age and avoiding common allergens like peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and shellfish until later.

3. Healthy diet

A healthy diet rich in vegetables, fruits, lean protein, and whole grains can help boost the immune system and reduce the risk of developing allergies.

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4. Clean home environment

A clean home environment can help reduce exposure to allergens like dust mites, pet dander, and mold. Regular vacuuming, dusting, and washing of bed linen can help reduce allergen levels in the home.

Early exposure to allergens

Recent research has suggested that early exposure to certain allergens can actually help children build a tolerance and protect against developing allergies later in life. This concept is called the “hygiene hypothesis.”.

What is the hygiene hypothesis?

The hygiene hypothesis suggests that exposure to certain microbes and allergens early in life can strengthen the immune system and reduce the risk of developing allergies.

In developed countries, where hygiene standards are high, children may not be exposed to as many microbes and allergens, leading to an increased risk of allergies.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy

Allergen-specific immunotherapy involves exposing a person to small amounts of an allergen, gradually increasing the dose over time to desensitize the immune system. This can help reduce allergy symptoms and prevent the development of new allergies.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy can be administered through injections, sublingual drops, or tablets.

Conclusion

Allergies are common in children, but early exposure to certain allergens can help build a tolerance and reduce the risk of developing allergies later in life.

Prevention strategies like breastfeeding, delayed introduction of solid foods, healthy diet, and clean home environment can help reduce allergen exposure. Allergen-specific immunotherapy can also be effective in reducing allergy symptoms and preventing the development of new allergies.