Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects communication, behavior, and social interaction.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1 in 54 children in the United States has ASD, and it is more commonly diagnosed in boys than girls.

ASD is a complex disorder, which means it affects each child differently. Some children may be highly skilled in one area, while others may struggle in another.

It is important to understand the different characteristics of the autism spectrum to support children with ASD in their development.

What is the Autism Spectrum?

The autism spectrum consists of different developmental disorders that share similar traits and characteristics. The three main types of autism spectrum disorders are:.

1. Autistic Disorder

Autistic disorder, also known as classic autism, is the most severe type of autism spectrum disorder. Children with this disorder have difficulty with social interactions, communication, and behavior.

They may have repetitive behaviors or special interests, and they may struggle with changes in routine.

2. Asperger’s Syndrome

Asperger’s syndrome is a milder form of autism spectrum disorder.

Children with this disorder may have difficulty with social interactions and communication, but they do not have the same delays in language development or cognitive ability as children with autistic disorder. Children with Asperger’s often have highly focused interests and may have difficulty with non-verbal communication.

3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder – Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)

PDD-NOS is a non-specific diagnosis given to children who have some but not all of the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder.

Children with PDD-NOS may have difficulty with social interaction and communication, but they may not exhibit the full range of behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder.

What are the Characteristics of the Autism Spectrum?

The autism spectrum is characterized by a range of behaviors, communication skills, and social interactions. Some of the common characteristics of the autism spectrum include:.

Children with autism spectrum disorder may have difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication. They may struggle to initiate or maintain conversations, have difficulty following social cues, and may use language in a very literal way.

2. Repetitive Behaviors and Special Interests

Children with autism spectrum disorder often engage in repetitive behaviors or have highly focused interests.

They may become deeply involved in a particular topic and have difficulty shifting their attention to other activities or topics of conversation.

3. Sensory Processing Difficulties

Children with autism spectrum disorder may have difficulty processing and interpreting sensory information. They may be sensitive to certain textures, smells, or sounds, and may have difficulty filtering out background noise or visual distractions.

Children with autism spectrum disorder may struggle with social interactions, including making and maintaining friendships, understanding and interpreting social cues, and developing empathy for others.

5. Delayed Language Development

Some children with autism spectrum disorder may have delayed language development, which can make communication difficult. They may struggle to use language effectively, have difficulty with conversation, and may communicate using nonverbal methods.

What is Fundamental Movement?

Fundamental movement is a term used to describe the basic movements that are used in everyday life, such as running, jumping, throwing, catching, and kicking.

These movements form the foundation for more complex movements and are essential for a child’s physical development.

For children with autism spectrum disorder, fundamental movement skills can be particularly important. These skills help children develop their strength, coordination, and balance, which can improve their overall physical health and wellbeing.

Why are Fundamental Movement Skills Important for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder?

The development of fundamental movement skills can be particularly important for children with autism spectrum disorder for a number of reasons. For example:.

1. Improved Physical Health

Developing fundamental movement skills can help children with autism spectrum disorder improve their physical health and wellbeing. These skills can help children build strength, coordination, and cardiovascular fitness.

Fundamental movement skills can also help children with autism spectrum disorder improve their social interaction skills. Participating in physical activities with others can help children develop their social skills and build friendships.

3. Improved Confidence and Self-Esteem

Developing fundamental movement skills can also help children with autism spectrum disorder improve their confidence and self-esteem.

As they improve their physical abilities, they may feel more confident in their abilities and more willing to try new activities.

4. Improved Attention and Focus

Participating in physical activity can also help children with autism spectrum disorder improve their attention and focus.

Physical activity can help children release energy and reduce stress, which can improve their ability to focus and concentrate on other activities.

Conclusion

Understanding the autism spectrum and the different characteristics of each type of autism spectrum disorder is important for supporting children with ASD in their development.

Developing fundamental movement skills can be particularly important for children with autism spectrum disorder, as it can help them improve their physical health and wellbeing, social interaction skills, confidence and self-esteem, and attention and focus.