For many couples, having a child is a long-awaited dream that they hope to see realized soon after tying the knot. However, conception can be a complex and sometimes challenging process.

In this article, we aim to highlight some of the common roadblocks to conception that couples may face in their quest to start a family.

Age is a significant factor when it comes to fertility. As men and women get older, their reproductive capabilities begin to decrease, thus reducing the chances of conceiving naturally.

In women, the number and quality of eggs decline over time, making it harder to achieve pregnancy. Men also experience a decline in sperm count and quality as they age, which can impact their fertility.

Irregular ovulation

Ovulation is the process of releasing an egg from the ovary, which is crucial for conception. However, some women may experience irregular ovulation, making it difficult to predict the fertile window.

Various conditions can impact ovulation, including polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid disorders, and eating disorders.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissues that line the uterus grow outside the womb, causing pain and discomfort. The condition can also impact a woman’s fertility by reducing the chances of successful embryo implantation.

Low sperm count and quality

Male infertility is a common issue that affects many couples. Low sperm count and quality can impact the chances of fertilization, making conception more challenging.

Factors such as lifestyle choices, underlying medical conditions, and exposure to harmful chemicals or radiation can impact sperm count and quality.

Tubal factor infertility

Tubal factor infertility is a condition that occurs when there are issues within the fallopian tubes, preventing the egg and sperm from meeting.

Various conditions that can cause this include pelvic inflammatory disease, tubal ligation, or previous ectopic pregnancies.

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Unexplained infertility

For some couples, despite various testing and assessments, there may be no clear reason for their infertility. This can be frustrating and difficult to address, as there may be no specific treatment plan that can be prescribed.

In these instances, couples may consider fertility treatments such as IVF or surrogacy options.

Thyroid disorders

The thyroid gland in the body secretes hormones that regulate various body functions, including the menstrual cycle. When the thyroid gland is under or overactive, it can disrupt the hormonal balance and impact fertility.

Women with thyroid disorders may experience irregular periods, heavy bleeding, and reduced fertility.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age, causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts. The condition can impact fertility by interfering with ovulation and hormone levels.

Women with PCOS may have irregular periods and difficulty becoming pregnant.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia and gonorrhea can impact a couple’s fertility. These infections can cause damage to the reproductive organs, leading to scarring and blockages.

If left untreated, these infections can cause long-term damage and impact fertility.

Both under and overweight can affect fertility. Overweight women may experience irregular periods and reduced ovulation, while underweight women may have delayed ovulation or no periods at all.

Men who are overweight may have lower sperm quality, while thin men may have lower sperm production.