Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract. Its symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, fatigue, and weight loss.

While there is no cure for this condition, medication and dietary changes can help manage symptoms. In this article, we will discuss some foods that people with ulcerative colitis should avoid for symptom relief.

1. Dairy Products

Dairy products contain lactose, a type of sugar that can be difficult for people with ulcerative colitis to digest. When lactose is not properly digested, it can cause bloating, gas, and diarrhea.

Therefore, it is best to avoid dairy products such as milk, cheese, and ice cream. However, some people with ulcerative colitis can tolerate small amounts of lactose or lactose-free dairy products.

2. Spicy Foods

Spicy foods can irritate the lining of the digestive tract and worsen symptoms of ulcerative colitis, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea.

Therefore, it is best to avoid foods that are heavily spiced or contain chili peppers, hot sauce, or other spicy ingredients. Mild herbs and spices, such as oregano and basil, are usually well tolerated.

3. High-Fiber Foods

While fiber is essential for the digestive health of most people, it can be problematic for those with ulcerative colitis. Insoluble fiber, such as that found in whole grains, nuts, and seeds, can irritate the bowel and cause diarrhea.

Therefore, it is recommended that people with ulcerative colitis avoid high-fiber foods and choose low-fiber alternatives, such as white bread, cooked vegetables, and fruits without the skin or seeds.

4. Fatty Foods

Foods that are high in fat, such as fried foods, cheese, and fatty meats, can be difficult to digest and may worsen symptoms of ulcerative colitis.

Moreover, some studies suggest that a high-fat diet may increase the risk of developing ulcerative colitis. Therefore, it is best to limit the intake of fatty foods and opt for lean protein sources, such as fish and poultry, and healthy fats, such as olive oil and avocado.

5. Alcohol and Caffeine

Alcohol and caffeine can both irritate the bowel and worsen symptoms of ulcerative colitis.

Moreover, alcohol can interact with certain medications used to treat this condition, such as sulfasalazine and methotrexate, and increase the risk of liver damage. Therefore, it is best to limit the intake of alcohol and caffeine or avoid them altogether.

6. Raw Fruits and Vegetables

Raw fruits and vegetables can be difficult to digest and may irritate the digestive tract of people with ulcerative colitis. Therefore, it is recommended that they be cooked or pureed before consumption.

Moreover, it is best to avoid fruits and vegetables with seeds and skins, such as strawberries, raspberries, and tomatoes, as they can be particularly problematic.

7. Carbonated Beverages and Artificial Sweeteners

Carbonated beverages, such as soda and sparkling water, and artificial sweeteners, such as sorbitol and aspartame, can cause bloating, gas, and diarrhea in people with ulcerative colitis.

Therefore, it is best to avoid these types of drinks and choose plain water or drinks without artificial sweeteners instead.

8. Gluten-Containing Foods

While ulcerative colitis is not directly caused by gluten, some people with this condition may be sensitive to it and experience symptoms when consuming gluten-containing foods, such as wheat, barley, and rye.

Therefore, it is recommended that they avoid these foods and choose gluten-free alternatives, such as rice, quinoa, and corn.

9. Processed Foods and Fast Foods

Processed foods and fast foods are usually high in salt, sugar, and unhealthy fats, which can exacerbate symptoms of ulcerative colitis and increase the risk of other health problems.

Therefore, it is best to avoid these types of foods and choose whole, nutrient-dense foods instead.

10. Nuts and Seeds

Nuts and seeds are usually high in fiber and fat, which can be problematic for people with ulcerative colitis. Moreover, certain types of nuts, such as almonds and cashews, may be difficult to digest and cause abdominal discomfort.

Therefore, it is best to avoid nuts and seeds or choose seeds that are low in fat and high in protein, such as chia seeds and pumpkin seeds.

Conclusion

While there is no one-size-fits-all diet for people with ulcerative colitis, avoiding certain foods and choosing others can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

To determine which foods are best for you, it is recommended that you work with a healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian, who can help you create a personalized diet plan.