Ovarian cancer is a disease in which cancerous cells form in the tissues of the ovaries.

While the causes of ovarian cancer are not entirely known, researchers have identified several risk factors that may increase a woman’s likelihood of developing this deadly disease. One surprising risk factor that is gaining increasing attention is mental illness.

The Link Between Mental Illness and Ovarian Cancer

A growing body of research has found that mental illness may increase a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer.

For example, a recent study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders found that women with a history of bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety were more likely to be diagnosed with ovarian cancer than women without these conditions. Similarly, a meta-analysis of over 20 studies found that women with a history of mental illness were more likely to develop ovarian cancer than those without.

Possible Explanations

Why might mental illness increase the risk of ovarian cancer? One possibility is that mental illness may weaken the immune system, leaving the body less able to fight off cancerous cells.

Another possibility is that certain medications used to treat mental illness may increase the risk of ovarian cancer. For example, studies have found that women taking certain antidepressants (known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs) may have a higher risk of ovarian cancer.

Mental Illness and Hormonal Imbalances

Another possible explanation for the link between mental illness and ovarian cancer is hormonal imbalances.

Mental illness is often associated with abnormal levels of hormones such as cortisol and estrogen, which could increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer. For example, a study published in the International Journal of Cancer found that women with elevated levels of cortisol were more likely to develop ovarian cancer than those with normal levels.

Mental Illness and Lifestyle Factors

In addition to hormonal imbalances and weakened immune systems, mental illness may be linked to other risk factors for ovarian cancer.

For example, individuals with mental illness may be more likely to engage in unhealthy lifestyle habits such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and consuming a poor diet. These habits have all been linked to an increased risk of ovarian cancer, as well as many other forms of cancer.

Early Detection and Treatment

While mental illness appears to increase the risk of ovarian cancer, it is important to remember that many factors contribute to the development of this disease, and mental illness is only one of them.

Additionally, having a mental illness does not guarantee the development of ovarian cancer, and many individuals with mental illness never develop this disease. Nevertheless, women with a history of mental illness may benefit from increased screening and early detection efforts, as well as lifestyle changes that may lower their risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Conclusion

The link between mental illness and ovarian cancer is a complex and evolving area of research.

While the mechanisms by which mental illness affects ovarian cancer risk are not yet fully understood, there is growing evidence that a history of mental illness may increase an individual’s risk of developing this deadly disease. As such, it is important for healthcare providers and patients alike to remain vigilant and proactive in detecting and treating ovarian cancer in women with mental illness.