Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. There are several factors that have been identified to increase the risk of cancer including age, genetics, and environmental factors.

However, some factors are modifiable and can be modified to reduce the risk of cancer. Here are 10 modifiable factors that increase the risk of cancer:.

1. Tobacco Use

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide. Smoking increases the risk of lung, bladder, kidney, and pancreatic cancers. Second-hand smoke is also linked to lung cancer in non-smokers.

Quitting smoking or not starting smoking altogether is the best way to reduce the risk of cancer.

2. Physical Inactivity

Lack of physical activity is associated with an increased risk of colon, breast, and endometrial cancers. Engaging in regular physical activity, which includes activities like walking, cycling, or dancing can help to reduce the risk of these cancers.

3. Unhealthy Diet

A diet high in saturated fats, red meat, processed meats, and sugary drinks has been linked to an increased risk of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers.

A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help reduce the risk of cancer.

4. Alcohol Consumption

Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk of cancers of the mouth, throat, breast, liver, and colon. Limiting alcohol consumption to moderate levels can help to reduce the risk of cancer.

5. Overexposure to the Sun

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is a major risk factor for skin cancer, including melanoma.

Protecting your skin from the sun by wearing protective clothing, using sunscreen, and avoiding the sun during peak hours can help to reduce the risk of skin cancer.

6. Environmental Pollutants

Exposure to environmental pollutants, such as asbestos, arsenic, and benzene, has been linked to an increased risk of cancer. Avoiding exposure to these substances can help to reduce the risk of cancer.

7. Infections

Certain infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been linked to an increased risk of cancer.

Vaccines are available for HPV and hepatitis B to help reduce the risk of cancer associated with these infections.

8. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been associated with an increased risk of breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers.

Consult your health care provider about the risks and benefits of HRT for menopausal symptoms and to decide whether it is appropriate for you.

9. Obesity

Obesity is a major risk factor for several types of cancer, including breast, colon, endometrial, kidney, and pancreatic cancers. Maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the risk of these cancers.

10. Stress

Prolonged stress can lead to chronic inflammation which can increase the risk of cancer. Finding healthy ways to manage stress, such as exercise, meditation, deep breathing or seek professional help can help to reduce the risk of cancer.