Low blood pressure or hypotension is a condition where the blood pressure in your arteries is below the normal range.

While high blood pressure is more commonly known and is often considered a significant health concern, low blood pressure is also associated with numerous health risks. This article discusses the hidden risks of low blood pressure that you should know about.

Defining Low Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is measured by two numbers: systolic pressure (top number) and diastolic pressure (bottom number). Normal blood pressure is generally considered to be 120/80 mmHg or lower.

If your systolic pressure is below 90 mmHg and your diastolic pressure is below 60 mmHg, you may have low blood pressure.

Hidden Risks of Low Blood Pressure

1. Dizziness and Fainting

If you have low blood pressure, you may experience dizziness, especially when you stand up from a sitting or lying position. This is because the blood pressure drops suddenly due to the effect of gravity.

Fainting is also a common symptom of low blood pressure, which can be dangerous in certain situations such as when driving or operating machinery.

2. Damage to Organs

Low blood pressure can affect blood flow to organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys, causing damage over time. In severe cases, it can lead to organ failure.

3. Increased Risk of Falls and Fractures

Due to dizziness and fainting spells, people with low blood pressure are at a higher risk of falls and fractures. This can be particularly risky for the elderly and those with pre-existing health conditions.

4. Poor Nutrient and Oxygen Supply

Low blood pressure can reduce the flow of oxygen and essential nutrients to vital organs such as the brain, leading to cognitive impairment or memory loss. In severe cases, it can also cause damage to other tissues in the body.

5. Risk of Shock

In severe cases, low blood pressure can cause shock, which occurs when the body’s organs and tissues don’t receive enough blood and oxygen. This can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.

6. Poor Physical Performance

Low blood pressure can cause fatigue and weakness, making it difficult to perform physical activities. This can affect the quality of life and leads to reduced mobility.

7. Medication Side-effects

Some medications for high blood pressure, pain, depression, and anxiety can cause low blood pressure as a side-effect.

If you experience low blood pressure as a side-effect of medication, consult with your doctor to adjust the dosage or switch to a different medication.

8. Nutrient Deficiencies

Low blood pressure can reduce the absorption of nutrients in the body, leading to nutrient deficiencies. Furthermore, the digestion of food requires sufficient blood flow, which can be affected by low blood pressure.

9. Dehydration

Dehydration can cause low blood pressure as it reduces the volume of blood in the body. This is why it is essential to drink plenty of fluids, especially during hot weather or when you exercise.

10. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal imbalances such as hypothyroidism or adrenal insufficiency can cause low blood pressure. If you suspect you have a hormonal imbalance, consult with your doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Preventing and Managing Low Blood Pressure

The following lifestyle changes can help prevent and manage low blood pressure:.

Eat a healthy diet rich in nutrients, especially those that help regulate blood pressure such as potassium, magnesium, and calcium.
Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
Avoid standing up too quickly from a sitting or lying position. Take your time and allow your body to adjust.
Exercise regularly to improve blood flow and maintain a healthy weight.
Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can cause dehydration and lower blood pressure.
If you’re taking medication for high blood pressure, pain, depression, or anxiety, consult with your doctor to adjust the dosage or switch to a different medication if it’s causing low blood pressure.

Conclusion

While high blood pressure is a well-known health concern, low blood pressure can also be a significant health risk.

It can cause various health problems, including dizziness, organ damage, falls, fractures, poor physical performance, medication side-effects, nutrient deficiencies, dehydration, and hormonal imbalances. If you experience any of these symptoms, consult with your doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.