Psoriasis is a non-contagious autoimmune disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. This chronic inflammatory condition can cause redness, itching, and scaling of the skin.

While the exact cause of psoriasis is not known, several factors, including genetics, environmental factors, and improper functioning of the immune system, can contribute to the development of the disorder. Recent research shows that hormones may also play a role in managing psoriasis.

What are Hormones?

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system. These messengers regulate various physiological functions, including growth and development, metabolism, and reproductive processes.

Hormones travel through the bloodstream to reach specific organs and tissues and bind to specific receptors to initiate a response. Hormones influence several body functions, including skin health and function.

The Relationship between Hormones and Psoriasis

Several types of hormones may play a role in the development and management of psoriasis.

Stress hormones

High levels of stress can trigger psoriasis flare-ups or exacerbate symptoms. Stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline can impact the immune system, leading to inflammation and flare-ups.

Therefore, managing stress levels can be an important part of managing psoriasis symptoms.

Sex hormones

Research has shown that sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may play a role in psoriasis. Women tend to experience an improvement in symptoms during pregnancy when estrogen levels are high.

However, some women report a worsening of symptoms during menopause when estrogen levels decrease. Men who use testosterone supplements may also experience flare-ups of psoriasis.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a hormone that plays a role in cell growth and division. Recent research suggests that psoriasis may be linked to changes in the IGF-1 pathway.

Some psoriasis medications, such as topical vitamin D, work by influencing the IGF-1 pathway to slow down the growth of skin cells.

Thyroid hormones

Thyroid hormones may also play a role in psoriasis. Hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid, can trigger psoriasis flare-ups. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy may help manage psoriasis symptoms in people with hypothyroidism.

How Hormones are Used to Treat Psoriasis

While hormonal imbalances can contribute to the development of psoriasis, some hormones can help manage symptoms by slowing down the growth of skin cells and reducing inflammation.

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory hormones produced by the adrenal gland. These hormones can be used topically or orally to reduce inflammation and itching associated with psoriasis.

Corticosteroids are most effective for short-term use and can have side-effects when used for prolonged periods.

Retinoids

Retinoids are synthetic compounds that help normalize skin cell growth. These compounds mimic the effects of vitamin A in the body and help reduce inflammation and scaling associated with psoriasis.

Retinoids are often used in combination with other treatments and can have side-effects like dry skin, sun sensitivity, and liver damage.

Cyclosporine

Cyclosporine is a medication that suppresses the immune system and reduces inflammation. This medication is used for severe cases of psoriasis that do not respond to other treatments.

Cyclosporine can have side-effects like high blood pressure, kidney damage, and increased risk of infections.

Conclusion

The role of hormones in psoriasis is still being studied. However, research suggests that hormonal imbalances can contribute to the development of psoriasis and impact the effectiveness of treatments.

By understanding the role of hormones in psoriasis, doctors can tailor treatments to manage symptoms and improve quality of life for people with psoriasis.