Have you ever heard of pulmonary hypertension (PH)? It is a life-threatening condition that affects the arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs.

PH is a type of high blood pressure in the lungs, damaging the blood vessels and making it difficult for the heart to pump blood through the lungs. This can cause the heart to work harder, leading to heart failure or even death. Unfortunately, PH is often misdiagnosed or undiagnosed, making it a silent killer.

Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension

There are several causes of PH, some of which include:.

Idiopathic (unknown cause)
Genetic mutations
Autoimmune diseases
Lung diseases
Congenital heart defects
Chronic blood clots in the lungs

Symptoms of Pulmonary Hypertension

PH symptoms can be vague and similar to other conditions, making it difficult to diagnose. Additionally, some people may not experience any symptoms until the disease has progressed. However, common symptoms of PH include:.

Shortness of breath
Fatigue
Chest pain
Dizziness or fainting
Swelling in the legs or ankles

Diagnosing Pulmonary Hypertension

A proper diagnosis is critical for effectively treating PH. Diagnosis typically involves the following:.

Physical exam and medical history
Echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart)
Right heart catheterization
Pulmonary function tests
Blood tests, including genetic testing in some cases

Treating Pulmonary Hypertension

While there is no cure for PH, there are several treatment options to manage symptoms and prevent further damage. Treatment may vary depending on the cause and severity of PH, but can include:.

Medications to open up blood vessels and reduce blood pressure
Oxygen therapy
Lung transplant or heart-lung transplant in severe cases
Lifestyle changes, including exercise and a healthy diet

Preventing Pulmonary Hypertension

PH cannot always be prevented, especially if there is a genetic or unknown cause. However, some lifestyle changes may help reduce the risk of developing PH or slow its progression:.

Quit smoking and avoid secondhand smoke
Maintain a healthy weight
Exercise regularly
Avoid high altitudes
Treat and manage other health conditions, such as high blood pressure or lung disease

While PH can be a devastating disease, early detection and treatment can improve quality of life and extend lifespan. It is important to discuss any symptoms or concerns with a healthcare provider and undergo appropriate testing if necessary.