Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a common eye condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the eyer fails to focus correctly, making distant objects appear blurry.

The condition can be a result of various factors, including genetics and environmental factors, and can develop at any age. Here are ten essential facts about myopia you should know.

1. Myopia is a Refractive Error

Refractive errors are eye conditions that affect the way the eye focuses on light. In myopia, the eye cannot focus on distant objects, making them appear blurry.

This can result from a mismatch between the curvature of the cornea or lens and the length of the eye.

2. Myopia is Common

Myopia is a prevalent condition, particularly among young people. In the US, it is estimated that around 42% of the population has myopia, which has increased rapidly in recent decades.

3. Myopia Can Develop at Any Age

While myopia typically develops in childhood, the condition can occur at any age. It is common for people in their late teens or early twenties to develop myopia due to environmental factors such as prolonged periods of close work or reading.

4. Genetics is a Major Factor

A person’s genes can be a significant factor in the development of myopia. People with parents who have myopia are more likely to develop the condition.

5. Environmental Factors Can Contribute to Myopia

There are several environmental factors that can contribute to the development of myopia. These include spending too much time reading, doing close work, or using digital devices.

Environmental factors can also exacerbate myopia in people who are genetically predisposed to the condition.

6. Myopia Can Worsen Over Time

In many cases, myopia worsens over time, particularly during childhood and teenage years. However, the condition may also worsen during pregnancy or when taking certain medications, such as corticosteroids.

7. Myopia Can Be Corrected with Glasses or Contact Lenses

One of the most effective ways to correct myopia is with the use of glasses or contact lenses. These devices help to bend light in a way that allows the eye to focus clearly on distant objects.

There are also surgical procedures that can be performed to correct myopia.

8. High Myopia Can Increase the Risk of Eye Complications

People with high myopia, which is defined as having a prescription of -6.00 diopters or more, are at an increased risk of eye complications, including cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal detachment.

9. There are Ways to Prevent Myopia

While genetics plays a significant role in the development of myopia, there are ways to prevent or delay its onset. Children can benefit from spending more time outdoors, taking regular breaks from close work, and practicing good eye hygiene.