Heartburn, also known as acid indigestion, is a burning sensation in the chest that occurs due to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus.

This uncomfortable condition can be caused by various factors, ranging from lifestyle choices to certain medical conditions. Here are 10 possible causes of heartburn:.

1. Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia occurs when a part of the stomach protrudes into the chest cavity through the diaphragm. This displacement of the stomach can lead to acid reflux and heartburn.

2. Obesity

Being overweight or obese increases the pressure in the abdomen, pushing the stomach acid into the esophagus. This can result in frequent heartburn episodes.

3. Poor Diet Choices

Consuming spicy, greasy, and acidic foods can trigger heartburn. These types of foods can cause the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax, allowing stomach acid to flow back up into the esophagus.

4. Smoking

Smoking weakens the LES and reduces the production of saliva, which normally helps neutralize stomach acid. These effects can exacerbate heartburn symptoms.

5. Pregnancy

Hormonal changes during pregnancy can relax the LES, leading to increased episodes of heartburn. The growing uterus can also put pressure on the stomach, causing acid reflux.

6. Certain Medications

Some medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antihistamines, and certain heart medications, can worsen heartburn symptoms by irritating the esophagus or affecting the production of stomach acid.

7. Stress

Excessive stress can increase acid production in the stomach and affect the functioning of the digestive system. This can contribute to the development of heartburn.

8. Alcohol Consumption

Alcohol can relax the LES, leading to acid reflux and heartburn. Additionally, alcohol can irritate the esophagus and stomach lining, worsening heartburn symptoms.

9. Eating Large Meals

Consuming large meals can put pressure on the LES and promote acid reflux. It is recommended to eat smaller, more frequent meals to reduce the likelihood of heartburn.

10. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

GERD is a chronic condition characterized by frequent occurrences of heartburn. It occurs when the LES is weakened or damaged, allowing acid to flow back up into the esophagus regularly.