Ankylosing spondylarthritis is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that mainly affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. The condition can cause stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility in affected joints.

Fortunately, there are several treatment options that can help manage the symptoms of the condition. In this article, we will explore some of these treatment options in detail.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs are commonly used to reduce the pain and inflammation associated with ankylosing spondylarthritis. These drugs work by blocking the production of prostaglandins, which are responsible for causing pain and inflammation.

NSAIDs are available over the counter, but stronger prescription versions may be required for more severe cases of the condition. However, it is important to note that long-term use of NSAIDs can have negative effects on the gastrointestinal system, liver, and kidneys.

Patients using these drugs should be monitored closely by their healthcare provider and be aware of the potential side effects.

Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)

DMARDs are a class of drugs that can help slow down or stop the progression of ankylosing spondylarthritis. These drugs work by suppressing the immune system, which is responsible for attacking the joints.

Examples of DMARDs commonly used to treat ankylosing spondylarthritis include sulfasalazine and methotrexate. However, as with NSAIDs, long-term use of DMARDs can have negative effects on the body’s organs and immune system. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is required for patients using DMARDs.

Biologic Therapy

Biologic therapy is a relatively new type of treatment for ankylosing spondylarthritis. These drugs work by targeting specific molecules that are involved in the inflammatory response.

Examples of biologic drugs used to treat ankylosing spondylarthritis include adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab. Biologics are typically administered via injection or intravenous infusion. While biologic therapy can be effective in managing the symptoms of ankylosing spondylarthritis, it can also have serious side effects.

Patients using biologics should be closely monitored by their healthcare provider.

Physical Therapy and Exercise

Physical therapy and exercise can help improve mobility and reduce pain in patients with ankylosing spondylarthritis. A physical therapist can help design an exercise program that is tailored to a patient’s specific needs and symptoms.

Common exercises used to treat ankylosing spondylarthritis include stretching, range of motion exercises, and low-impact aerobic exercises.

Surgery

In rare cases, surgery may be required to treat severe cases of ankylosing spondylarthritis. Surgery may be performed to replace damaged joints or to correct spinal deformities.

Surgical options include spinal fusion, hip replacement, and knee replacement. While surgery can be effective in reducing pain and improving mobility, it is typically reserved for cases where other treatment options have been exhausted.

Lifestyle Modifications

Lifestyle modifications can also be helpful in managing the symptoms of ankylosing spondylarthritis. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the strain on affected joints. Avoiding tobacco and reducing alcohol consumption can also be beneficial.

Additionally, patients with ankylosing spondylarthritis should strive to maintain good posture to minimize spinal deformities.

Conclusion

Ankylosing spondylarthritis can be a challenging condition to manage, but there are several treatment options available.

Patients with ankylosing spondylarthritis should work closely with their healthcare providers to develop a treatment plan that is tailored to their specific needs and symptoms. By combining medication, physical therapy, surgery, and lifestyle modifications, patients can improve their quality of life and manage their symptoms effectively.