Autoimmune diseases are becoming increasingly common, and they occur when your body’s immune system begins attacking healthy cells and tissues.

This happens because the immune system can no longer differentiate between your cells and foreign agents trying to harm you. Instead, it sees your body’s cells as harmful attackers and begins attacking them, leading to significant health problems. One such condition is Sjögren’s syndrome, a disorder that affects the body’s moisture-producing glands.

What Is Sjögren’s Syndrome?

Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that attacks the moisture-producing glands, which are responsible for producing tears and saliva. The condition is named after Henrik Sjögren, a Swedish ophthalmologist who first described it in the 1930s.

According to the Sjögren’s Syndrome Foundation, approximately four million people in the United States have this condition, with around 90 percent of them being women.

Causes of Sjögren’s Syndrome

The exact cause of Sjögren’s syndrome remains unknown, but it is believed to be triggered by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

The disorder is much more common in people who have a family history of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Additionally, viral infections, exposure to certain toxins, and hormonal imbalances may also trigger the condition.

Symptoms of Sjögren’s Syndrome

Sjögren’s syndrome primarily affects the moisture-producing glands of the body, leading to dryness in various parts of the body. The most common symptoms include:.

Dry eyes
Dry mouth
Dry skin
Vaginal dryness
Difficulty swallowing
Dental problems
Joint pain and stiffness
Fatigue

Diagnosing Sjögren’s Syndrome

Diagnosing Sjögren’s syndrome can be challenging, as many of its symptoms are similar to those of other autoimmune diseases.

However, if you experience persistent dryness in your eyes, mouth, or other parts of your body, your doctor may order a series of tests to determine if you have Sjögren’s syndrome. These tests may include:.

Blood tests to check for the presence of certain antibodies
Eye exams to check for decreased tear production and corneal damage
Biopsy of salivary glands to detect inflammation

Treatment for Sjögren’s Syndrome

Although there is no known cure for Sjögren’s syndrome, several treatments can alleviate its associated symptoms. Depending on the severity of your symptoms, your doctor may prescribe:.

Artificial tears to soothe dry eyes
Saliva substitutes to moisten and protect your mouth
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve joint pain and stiffness
Immunosuppressant drugs to suppress the immune system and prevent it from attacking the body’s healthy cells

Lifestyle Changes for Sjögren’s Syndrome

In addition to medical treatment, making some lifestyle changes can also help manage the symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome. These include:.

Incorporating more omega-3 fatty acids into your diet to reduce inflammation
Avoiding dry and dusty environments
Using a humidifier to add moisture to the air inside your home
Taking frequent sips of water to keep your mouth moist and protect your teeth
Using lip balm and lotions to prevent dry skin, particularly during winter

Conclusion

Sjögren’s syndrome is a widespread autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the moisture-producing glands of the body. Although there is no cure, medical treatment, together with some lifestyle changes, can help manage the symptoms.

With proper medical care and a healthy lifestyle, anyone diagnosed with Sjögren’s syndrome can live a full and fulfilling life.