Hypertrophic heart disease, also known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), is a condition where the heart muscles become thickened, ultimately leading to the improper functioning of the heart.

This condition usually develops during adolescence or later, and by the age of 50, about 25% of people with the disease may develop serious complications. Here are the causes and symptoms of hypertrophic heart disease, explained in detail.

Causes of Hypertrophic Heart Disease

The exact cause of hypertrophic heart disease is still unknown, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development. These factors include:.

: Genetics

About 50% of people with hypertrophic heart disease inherit the condition from their parents. In inheritance, there is a chance that a child may have a genetic mutation that leads to the thickening of the heart muscle.

: Age

The condition may also develop later in life, especially when there is an underlying heart condition that can cause the thickening of the heart muscle.

: Sex

Men are also more prone to developing hypertrophic heart disease than women.

: High blood pressure

Constant high blood pressure can cause thickening of the heart muscle which can lead to hypertrophic heart disease.

: Other diseases

Heart diseases, such as coronary heart disease or valve disease, can cause the thickening of the heart muscles. Also, diabetes and thyroid diseases have been linked to the development of hypertrophic heart disease.

Symptoms of Hypertrophic Heart Disease

The symptoms of hypertrophic heart disease vary in their severity. Some people may have no symptoms while others may experience them repeatedly. Here are some of the common symptoms of hypertrophic heart disease:.

: Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath is a common symptom of hypertrophic heart disease. The heart muscles become thickened and stiff, making it difficult for the heart to pump properly.

This then leads to a buildup of fluid in the lungs which results in shortness of breath.

: Chest pain

Chest pain or pressure is another common symptom of hypertrophic heart disease. This is due to the narrowed arteries of the heart, which can cause the heart to not get enough oxygen.

: Pounding or racing heart

The heart may feel like it’s pounding or racing due to the thickened heart muscles, which make it difficult for the heart to pump normally. This can also cause a sensation of irregular heartbeat.

: Fainting or dizziness

Hypertrophic heart disease can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure, which can result in fainting or dizziness. This is due to the inability of the heart to pump enough blood to the body.

: Fatigue

Due to the heart not receiving an adequate blood supply, people with hypertrophic heart disease may experience excessive fatigue or weakness.

: Sudden cardiac arrest

In some cases, hypertrophic heart disease can lead to a sudden cardiac arrest, which can sometimes be fatal.

Conclusion

Hypertrophic heart disease is a serious condition that needs to be managed by a medical professional. Although there is no cure, treatment options are available to help ease symptoms and prevent serious complications.

Common treatment options include medications, implanted devices, and sometimes surgery in severe cases. Regular check-ups and lifestyle changes can help people with hypertrophic heart disease maintain their health and prevent complications from the disease.