The brain and spine are two of the most vital components of the human body. But, when they start to malfunction, the consequences can be severe and life-changing. Cerebral spine disorders involve conditions that impact the brain and spinal cord.

These disorders can be difficult to diagnose and cause long-term damage if left untreated. Here are some common cerebral spine disorders and their symptoms to help you recognize them early.

1. Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological condition that affects movement. The disease is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.

Parkinson’s disease often begins with little tremors in one hand, but it can cause significant problems with balance, coordination, and movement over time. Other symptoms of Parkinson’s disease can include:.

Stiff muscles and joints
Slowed movements
Difficulty with speech and writing
Facial masking (lack of expression)

2. Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition that affects the central nervous system. MS targets myelin, a substance that covers and protects nerve fibers, causing the body to produce immune cells that attack and destroy it.

MS can be easily mistaken for other neurological conditions. Symptoms of MS may include:.

Numbness or tingling in the arms, legs, or face
Painful spasms and twitching
Blurred or double vision
Difficulty with coordination and balance

3. Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a neurological condition that can cause seizures. Seizures may cause unconsciousness, convulsions, or other abnormal movements. Epilepsy can affect people in many different ways, and the symptoms of it depend on the type of seizure.

Some common symptoms may include:.

Uncontrolled twitching or shaking
Staring off into space
Confusion or forgetfulness
Loss of consciousness

4. Cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy is a neurological condition that affects body movement and muscle coordination. It is usually caused by abnormalities in the brain before, during, or shortly after birth.

Symptoms can vary from person to person, but some common symptoms of cerebral palsy include:.

Tight or stiff muscles
Tremors and shakes
Poor coordination and balance
Difficulty with fine motor skills
Difficulty speaking

5. Spinal cord injuries

A spinal cord injury can cause serious health issues and even paralysis. Most spinal cord injuries happen as a result of a sudden, traumatic blow to the spine. Symptoms of a spinal cord injury may include:.

Loss of sensation in the limbs
Loss of bladder and bowel control
Paralysis or weakness
Breathing difficulties

6. Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory and behavior. As the disease progresses, it can cause confusion, difficulty with daily activities, and even personality changes. Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease may include:.

Memory loss
Difficulty completing basic tasks
Confusion and disorientation
Mood swings and personality changes

7. Neuritis

Neuritis is a condition characterized by inflammation in the nerves. It can be caused by injury, infection, or autoimmune disorders. Symptoms of neuritis may include:.

Pain or tenderness in the affected area
Numbness or tingling
Weakness in the muscles
Difficulty with coordination and balance

8. Myelopathy

Myelopathy is a condition caused by compression of the spinal cord. It can be caused by a number of factors, including herniated disks and spinal stenosis. Symptoms of myelopathy may include:.

Pain or tenderness in the affected area
Numbness or tingling
Weakness in the muscles
Difficulty with coordination and balance

9. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. The disease damages motor neurons, which are responsible for controlling muscles. Symptoms of ALS may include:.

Difficulty with speech and swallowing
Weakening or loss of muscle control
Twitching and cramping of muscles

10. Meningitis

Meningitis is an infection that causes inflammation in the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, or fungus. Meningitis can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Symptoms of meningitis may include:.

Fever and chills
Headache, often severe
Stiff neck
Sensitivity to light
Confusion

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. Detecting and treating cerebral spine disorders early can reduce the risk of complications and improve your quality of life.