Vaginal infections are common among women. However, some women may experience chronic vaginal infections that cause bothersome symptoms. A vaginal infection that lingers for weeks or months is referred to as a chronic vaginal infection.

Here’s what you need to know about the causes and treatments for chronic vaginal infections.

Causes of Chronic Vaginal Infection

A chronic vaginal infection may be caused by one or more factors. The most common causes of chronic vaginal infection include:.

1. Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is a bacterial infection that occurs when there is an overgrowth of certain bacteria in the vagina. The infection causes a change in the normal vaginal flora, leading to an overgrowth of harmful bacteria.

The condition is associated with an abnormal discharge, fishy odor, and itching. Chronic bacterial vaginosis can be challenging to treat, and it often recurs.

2. Yeast infections

Yeast infections are fungal infections that occur when there is an overgrowth of yeast in the vagina. The infection causes itching, burning, and white discharge.

Certain factors, such as pregnancy, diabetes, or antibiotics use, may increase the risk of developing a yeast infection. While yeast infections are generally easy to treat, some women may experience chronic or recurrent infections.

3. Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is a parasitic infection that is usually transmitted through sexual contact. The infection causes itching, burning, and a frothy, green-yellow discharge.

Chronic trichomoniasis can lead to serious health complications, such as cervical cancer or pelvic inflammatory disease.

4. Sexually transmitted infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause chronic vaginal infections. Some of the most common STIs that cause vaginal infections include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and herpes.

If left untreated, an STI infection can cause damage to the reproductive organs and other health complications.

5. Hormonal imbalance

Hormonal imbalances, such as low estrogen levels, can cause chronic vaginal infections. Estrogen helps to keep the vaginal wall thick and lubricated.

When the levels of estrogen drop, the vaginal tissues become thinner and drier, making it easier for bacteria or fungi to grow. Hormonal changes during menopause, pregnancy, or breastfeeding can also increase the risk of developing a vaginal infection.

Treatments for Chronic Vaginal Infection

The treatment for chronic vaginal infection depends on the underlying cause. Here are some of the treatment options for chronic vaginal infections:.

1. Antibiotics

If the chronic vaginal infection is caused by bacterial vaginosis or other bacterial infections, antibiotics may be prescribed. The antibiotics work by killing the harmful bacteria, restoring the balance of the vaginal flora.

However, attending regular checkups/medical appointments is also key in ensuring that you end the antibiotics at their recommended durations.

2. Antifungal medication

For vaginal infections caused by yeast, an antifungal medication may be used. The medication may be administered orally or as a vaginal cream. Antifungal medication kills the fungus, relieving the itching and irritation associated with the infection.

3. Sexual partners screening and treatment

Chronic vaginal infections caused by STIs should involve screening and treatment of sexual partners to prevent reinfection. Partner treatment is essential to stop passing the infection back and forth between sexual partners.

4. Hormonal therapy

Hormonal therapy may be prescribed for women with chronic vaginal infections due to hormonal imbalances. The hormonal therapy may be administered in the form of a vaginal cream, tablet, or a patch.

Hormonal replacement therapy helps to restore the normal balance of the vaginal tissues.

5. Vaginal moisturizers

Vaginal moisturizers may be used to relieve vaginal dryness and discomfort associated with hormonal imbalances. The moisturizers help to restore the natural moisture of the vaginal lining, reducing the risk of bacterial or fungal infections.

Conclusion

Chronic vaginal infections can cause significant discomfort and can negatively affect a woman’s quality of life.

Knowing the causes and treatments for chronic vaginal infections can help women minimize the risk of developing such infections and treat them promptly. If you suspect a chronic vaginal infection, make an appointment with your healthcare provider to discuss the best treatment options for your specific condition.