Dandruff and head psoriasis are two scalp conditions that can cause discomfort, itchiness, and flaking. Although they share some similarities, they are different in their causes, symptoms, and treatments. Here is a breakdown of their main features:.

What is Dandruff?

Dandruff is a common skin condition that affects the scalp. It is characterized by white or yellowish flakes that shed from the scalp and land on the shoulders or clothes.

Dandruff is usually caused by the overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus called Malassezia that feeds on the sebum or oil produced by the scalp. This overgrowth can be triggered by factors such as:.

Improper hair hygiene, such as infrequent washing or using harsh shampoos
Dry skin or harsh weather that strips the scalp of its natural oils
Hormonal imbalances or stress that affect the immune system’s response

The symptoms of dandruff include:.

Itchy scalp
Flaky scalp that sheds white or yellowish scales
Tightness or dryness of the scalp
Mild redness or irritation

The treatment of dandruff usually involves using medicated shampoos that contain antifungal agents, such as ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione.

These shampoos work by reducing the growth of Malassezia and restoring the balance of the scalp’s microbial flora. Other tips to manage or prevent dandruff include:.

Washing the hair regularly with mild shampoos
Avoiding hot showers or harsh hair treatments that can damage the scalp
Following a balanced diet that provides essential nutrients for the skin
Reducing stress or anxiety through relaxation techniques or therapy

What is Head Psoriasis?

Head psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the skin and nails, including the scalp. It is caused by an overactive immune system that attacks healthy skin cells and triggers inflammation and overgrowth of skin cells.

In head psoriasis, the scalp becomes red, scaly, and itchy, and may develop thick patches or plaques that can spread to the forehead, back of the neck, and behind the ears. Head psoriasis can be triggered by several factors such as:.

Family history of psoriasis or autoimmune diseases
Stressful events or emotional instability that affect the immune system
Infections, injuries, or medication that weaken the immune system
Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, or poor diet that aggravate inflammation

The symptoms of head psoriasis include:.

Red, scaly, or raised patches on the scalp that may bleed or itch
Silvery-white scales that cover the scalp and flake off easily
Dryness, tightness, or soreness of the scalp
Hair loss or thinning in severe cases

The treatment of head psoriasis usually involves topical or oral medications that reduce inflammation, slow down cell growth, and improve the skin’s barrier function. Common treatments include:.

Topical corticosteroids that reduce inflammation and itching
Topical calcitriol that regulates cell growth and differentiation
Topical retinoids that promote exfoliation and reduce scaling
Coal tar preparations that reduce inflammation and itching
Salicylic acid that softens scales and improves penetration of other treatments
Oral medications such as methotrexate, cyclosporine, or biologics that target the immune system

To manage or prevent head psoriasis, it is important to avoid triggers that worsen the condition and adopt a healthy lifestyle that supports the immune system. Other tips include:.

Using mild shampoos and avoiding harsh hair treatments that irritate the scalp
Keeping the hair and scalp clean and moisturized with natural oils or emollients
Eating a balanced diet that includes anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-rich foods
Staying physically active and practicing stress-reduction techniques such as yoga or meditation

Conclusion

Dandruff and head psoriasis are two scalp conditions that may share some overlap in terms of symptoms, but have distinct causes, triggers, and treatments.

Dandruff is usually caused by a fungal overgrowth that can be managed with medicated shampoos and good hygiene habits, while head psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that requires more targeted and systemic interventions. If you suspect you have either condition, it is best to consult a dermatologist for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.