Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the body is unable to produce or use insulin effectively. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, which helps the body to use glucose for energy.

When there is a shortage of insulin or when the body is unable to use it effectively, glucose builds up in the blood leading to high blood sugar levels. If left unchecked, high blood sugar levels can cause serious health complications such as nerve damage, blindness, kidney disease, and heart disease.

Types of Diabetes

There are three main types of diabetes:.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin in the pancreas.

As a result, the body is unable to produce insulin, and the person must take insulin injections or use an insulin pump to manage their blood sugar levels.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes and is characterized by high blood sugar levels. It occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin, or when the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin to meet the body’s needs.

With type 2 diabetes, lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, and in some cases, medication, are required to manage the condition.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and affects women who have never had diabetes before. It occurs when the hormones produced during pregnancy interfere with the body’s ability to use insulin effectively.

Gestational diabetes usually goes away after the baby is born, but it increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

Symptoms of Diabetes

The symptoms of diabetes can be vague and may go unnoticed for a long time. Some common symptoms of diabetes include:.

1. Frequent urination

People with diabetes urinate more often than normal because the body tries to rid itself of excess glucose in the blood.

2. Increased thirst

As a result of frequent urination, people with diabetes may experience increased thirst because their bodies are trying to replace lost fluids.

3. Hunger pangs

Since the body is unable to use glucose for energy, it can cause hunger pangs even after meals.

4. Fatigue

People with diabetes may feel tired and weak because their bodies are unable to use glucose effectively for energy.

5. Blurred vision

High blood sugar levels can cause the lens of the eye to swell, leading to blurred vision.

6. Slow healing of wounds

High blood sugar levels can interfere with the body’s ability to heal wounds, which can increase the risk of infection.

7. Numbness or tingling in the hands and feet

High blood sugar levels can damage the nerves in the hands and feet, leading to numbness and tingling sensations.

8. Recurring infections

High blood sugar levels can weaken the immune system, making it more difficult to fight off infections.

9. Unexpected weight loss

People with type 1 diabetes may experience unexpected weight loss as a result of the body breaking down fat and muscle tissues to provide energy.

When to see a doctor

If you experience any of the above symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor for evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes can help prevent serious health complications.

Conclusion

Diabetes is a serious condition that can have serious health consequences if left untreated. Knowing the symptoms of diabetes is important in order to get an early diagnosis and treatment.

If you’re experiencing any of the symptoms listed above, make an appointment to see your doctor as soon as possible.