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Do thyroid problems affect heart function?

Thyroid problems are a common health issue that affect millions of people across the globe. The thyroid gland produces two distinct hormones known as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) that play a critical role in regulating heart function. This article will explore the relationship between thyroid problems and heart function by trixknight
Estimated reading time: 3 min 9 sec
Do thyroid problems affect heart function?

Thyroid problems are a common health issue that affect millions of people across the globe. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck that produces hormones essential for regulating metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature.

When the thyroid gland does not function correctly, it can have an impact on overall body functions, including heart health. This article will explore the relationship between thyroid problems and heart function.

Thyroid Hormones and Heart Function

The thyroid gland produces two distinct hormones known as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) that play a critical role in regulating heart function.

These hormones help to determine how fast the heart beats, how powerfully it pumps blood, and how efficiently the heart works. When the levels of thyroid hormones are too low (hypothyroidism), the heart may beat too slowly, and pumping of blood may be insufficient.

On the other hand, when the levels of thyroid hormones are too high (hyperthyroidism), the heart may beat too fast and forcefully leading to a condition known as palpitation.

Hypothyroidism and Heart Disease

Hypothyroidism is a medical condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland which leads to low levels of thyroid hormones circulating in the body. This condition is linked to heart disease, particularly heart failure and coronary artery disease.

People with untreated hypothyroidism tend to have elevated levels of cholesterol, which may cause plaque build-up in the arteries, compromising blood flow to the heart and leading to heart attack, stroke or angina (chest pain). Moreover, hypothyroidism is associated with decreased heart rate, decreased contractility, and increased peripheral resistance, which contributes to heart disease.

Therefore, proper treatment of hypothyroidism is essential to prevent heart disease and its complications.

Hyperthyroidism and Heart Disease

Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces an excess of thyroid hormones than the body requires. The heart’s reaction to hyperthyroidism varies from person to person.

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Some people may develop a rapid heart rate known as tachycardia, while others may develop an irregular heartbeat known as atrial fibrillation. These conditions put extra stress on the heart and increase the risk of developing heart problems such as heart failure, stroke, or sudden cardiac arrest. Proper diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism can mitigate the effects of heart disease.

Thyroid Hormone Levels and Heart Disease Risk

Even when thyroid hormone levels are not too low or too high, levels that are outside the normal range can increase the risk of heart disease.

For instance, subclinical hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by normal thyroid hormone levels but elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. The increased TSH level may indicate that the thyroid gland is not functioning appropriately, which may eventually lead to heart disease.

Moreover, people who have undergone thyroidectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland) are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to those with an intact thyroid gland.

Symptoms of Thyroid and Heart Disease

Thyroid problems and heart disease share some similar symptoms, and it may be challenging to identify which condition is affecting a person.

Some common symptoms of hypothyroidism include fatigue, weight gain, depression, constipation, and difficulty concentrating. Conversely, symptoms of hyperthyroidism include weight loss, diarrhea, anxiety, nervousness, and difficulty sleeping. Symptoms of heart disease may include chest pain, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, and edema (swelling).

People experiencing such symptoms should seek medical advice to prevent or manage these conditions.

Conclusion

Overall, thyroid problems affect heart function to varying degrees. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can lead to significant complications such as heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and sudden cardiac arrest.

Therefore, it is essential to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have a thyroid problem or heart disease. With proper diagnosis and treatment, the risks associated with thyroid problems and heart disease can be mitigated.

Disclaimer: This article serves as general information and should not be considered medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance. Individual circumstances may vary.

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