Dry mouth, also called xerostomia, is a condition where there is a lack of saliva in the mouth. This can cause discomfort, difficulty in eating, speaking and swallowing, and can lead to other dental problems.

In this article, we will discuss the symptoms, causes, and treatment of dry mouth.

Symptoms of Dry Mouth

The symptoms of dry mouth vary depending on the degree of dryness. Some of the common symptoms include:.

A sticky, dry feeling in the mouth
Frequent thirst or difficulty swallowing
A dry, sore throat or hoarseness
A burning sensation in the mouth
An altered sense of taste
Cracked lips, sores, or split skin at the corners of the mouth
Mouth ulcers
Dry nasal passages
A difficulty in speaking
Bad breath

Causes of Dry Mouth

Dry mouth can be caused by a variety of factors:.

Medications – Certain medications can cause dry mouth as a side effect. These include medications used to treat depression, anxiety, pain, allergies, and other medical conditions.
Health Conditions – Certain health conditions can cause dry mouth, including Sjögren’s syndrome, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, and cystic fibrosis, among others.
Nerve damage – Nerve damage in the head and neck area, or damage to the salivary glands, can cause dry mouth.
Dehydration – Dehydration can cause dry mouth, especially in people who are not drinking enough fluids or who are experiencing high levels of stress.
Lifestyle Factors – Smoking or using tobacco products can cause dry mouth. Alcohol and caffeine can also cause dehydration and may lead to dry mouth.
Chemotherapy and Radiation – Chemotherapy and radiation can damage the salivary glands and cause dry mouth.

Treatment of Dry Mouth

The treatment of dry mouth depends on the underlying cause. Here are some ways to help alleviate dry mouth:.

Drink plenty of water – Drinking water can help keep your mouth hydrated.
Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free candy – Chewing gum or sucking on candy can help stimulate saliva flow.
Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco – These products can cause dehydration and worsen the symptoms of dry mouth.
Use a humidifier – Using a humidifier can add moisture to the air and keep your mouth hydrated.
Maintain good oral hygiene – Brushing and flossing regularly can help prevent dental problems associated with dry mouth.
Avoid spicy, acidic, or salty foods – These foods can irritate the mouth and worsen the symptoms of dry mouth.
Use saliva substitutes or mouthwashes – There are products available that can help substitute for saliva and relieve dry mouth symptoms. Discuss with your dentist or physician which product is right for you.
Modify medication dosage – If dry mouth is a side effect of a medication, your doctor may adjust your dosage or switch to a different medication.

Conclusion

Dry mouth can be a frustrating and uncomfortable condition, but there are ways to manage the symptoms. If you are experiencing symptoms of dry mouth, talk to your dentist or physician about treatment options.