Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammatory condition of the conjunctiva that affects many children. It can be caused by a variety of allergens, such as pollen, dust, and animal dander.

Symptoms can include redness, itching, watering of the eyes, and swelling of the eyelids. Allergic conjunctivitis can significantly impact a child’s quality of life and disrupt their daily activities. Fortunately, there are many effective treatments available to manage this condition and alleviate symptoms.

1. Avoiding Allergens

The first step in managing allergic conjunctivitis is to avoid exposure to the allergens that trigger symptoms.

This can include avoiding outdoor activities during peak pollen season, keeping pets out of the child’s bedroom, using air filters to remove dust and other allergens, and washing bedding and stuffed animals frequently. If the allergen cannot be avoided, over-the-counter allergy medications can be used to relieve symptoms.

2. Eye Drops

Eye drops are a common treatment for allergic conjunctivitis and can provide rapid relief of symptoms. Over-the-counter antihistamine eye drops can be used to reduce redness, itching, and swelling.

These drops work by blocking histamine, which is released by the body in response to allergens, from binding to receptors in the eyes. Some popular brands of antihistamine eye drops include Alaway and Zaditor. Steroid eye drops can also be used to reduce inflammation and swelling, but should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider due to potential side effects.

3. Oral Antihistamines

Oral antihistamines can be used to treat not only eye symptoms but also nasal symptoms associated with allergies.

These medications work by blocking histamine from binding to receptors throughout the body and can help relieve itching, sneezing, and runny nose. Common brands of oral antihistamines include Claritin, Zyrtec, and Allegra. Some of these medications can cause drowsiness, so it is important to follow the dosage instructions carefully and monitor the child’s response.

4. Topical Steroids

Topical steroids are a potent anti-inflammatory treatment that can help alleviate symptoms of severe allergic conjunctivitis.

These medications are applied directly to the affected area and work by suppressing the immune system’s response to allergens. However, topical steroids should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider due to potential side effects such as glaucoma and cataracts.

5. Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy, also known as allergy shots or allergy drops, can be used to address the root cause of allergic conjunctivitis by desensitizing the immune system to specific allergens.

These treatments involve regular injections or sublingual drops of gradually increasing amounts of an allergen over time, which helps the body build up a tolerance. This can result in a significant reduction in symptoms and may even lead to long-term remission.

6. Mast Cell Stabilizers

Mast cell stabilizers are a type of medication that can help prevent allergic reactions from occurring by stabilizing the mast cells that release histamine.

These medications are available in both prescription and over-the-counter forms and are typically used as eye drops. Mast cell stabilizer eye drops can help prevent itching, redness, and swelling and are often used in combination with antihistamine eye drops for maximum relief.

7. Cold Compresses

Cold compresses can be used to provide temporary relief of itching and swelling in the eyes. These can be made by soaking a clean cloth in cold water and applying it to the affected eye for a few minutes at a time.

Cold compresses should not be used for extended periods or left on the eyes overnight.

8. Warm Compresses

Warm compresses can be used to help unclog blocked tear ducts and relieve dryness and irritation. These can be made by soaking a clean cloth in warm water and applying it to the affected eye for a few minutes at a time.

It is important to use a clean cloth each time to avoid spreading infection.

9. Artificial Tears

Artificial tears are a type of lubricating eye drop that can help soothe dry and irritated eyes. They can also help wash away allergens that may be causing symptoms.

These drops are available over-the-counter and can be used as needed throughout the day to provide relief.

10. Eye Scrubs

Eye scrubs can be used to remove allergens and debris from the eyelids and eyelashes, which can help reduce inflammation and itching. These scrubs typically include a gentle cleanser and a soft-bristled brush that is used to massage the eyelids.

Eye scrubs should be used with caution and only as directed by a healthcare provider.