Hoarseness is defined as an abnormal change in the voice. It refers to harsh, strained, or breathy voice quality. It is usually caused by an inflammation of the vocal cords, which leads to their swelling.

There are many possible causes of hoarseness, and it can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. Two of the most concerning causes of hoarseness are acid reflux and cancer.

Hoarseness and Acid Reflux

Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a condition in which stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus.

This acid can irritate and inflame the lining of the esophagus, leading to a range of symptoms, including heartburn, chest pain, and hoarseness.

If you have acid reflux, you may notice that your hoarseness is worse in the morning or after eating. This is because acid reflux tends to be more severe when lying down or after eating a heavy meal.

The acid can also cause vocal cord irritation and inflammation, leading to hoarseness.

If you have persistent hoarseness, it is important to see a doctor. They can perform tests, such as a laryngoscopy or pH monitoring, to determine if your hoarseness is due to acid reflux.

If it is, they can prescribe medications or recommend lifestyle changes, such as avoiding triggers like spicy foods or alcohol, to help manage your symptoms.

Hoarseness and Cancer

Hoarseness can also be a symptom of cancer. One type of cancer that can cause hoarseness is laryngeal cancer. This is a cancer that affects the voice box or larynx. It is most common in people who smoke or drink alcohol heavily.

If you have hoarseness that lasts more than two weeks, it is important to see a doctor. They may perform a laryngoscopy or biopsy to determine if you have laryngeal cancer.

Other symptoms of laryngeal cancer include difficulty swallowing, ear pain, and a lump in the neck.

Other types of cancer, such as lung cancer, can also cause hoarseness. If you have hoarseness that is not due to acid reflux and does not go away after a few days, it is important to see a doctor.

Other Causes of Hoarseness

While acid reflux and cancer are two of the most concerning causes of hoarseness, there are many other possible causes. Some other conditions that can cause hoarseness include:.

Viral infections, such as the common cold or flu
Bacterial infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia
Allergies
Environmental irritants, such as pollution or cigarette smoke
Thyroid problems
Nerve damage
Vocal cord nodules or polyps

If you have hoarseness, your doctor will likely perform tests to determine the underlying cause. Treatment will depend on the cause and may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.

When to See a Doctor

If you have hoarseness that lasts more than a few days, it is important to see a doctor. Your doctor can perform tests to determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment.

You should also see a doctor if your hoarseness is accompanied by other symptoms, such as difficulty swallowing, ear pain, or a lump in the neck.

These symptoms could be a sign of cancer or another serious condition and require prompt medical attention.

Conclusion

Hoarseness is a common symptom that can be caused by a range of conditions, including acid reflux and cancer. If you have hoarseness, it is important to see a doctor to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

If you have persistent hoarseness or other concerning symptoms, seek medical attention right away.