An underactive thyroid, also known as hypothyroidism, occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones to meet the body’s needs. This condition can affect people of all ages, including children.

However, identifying an underactive thyroid in children can be challenging as the symptoms may be subtle and easily mistaken for other conditions. In this article, we will discuss the signs and symptoms that may indicate an underactive thyroid in children and when to seek medical attention.

1. Fatigue and sluggishness

One of the most common symptoms of an underactive thyroid in children is persistent fatigue and sluggishness. Kids may complain of feeling tired and lacking energy, even after a good night’s sleep.

This fatigue may affect their ability to concentrate and perform well academically.

2. Weight gain and slow growth

Children with an underactive thyroid may experience unexplained weight gain or have difficulty losing weight, despite following a healthy diet and exercising regularly.

Additionally, their growth rate may be slower than expected, leading to a shorter stature compared to their peers.

3. Dry skin and hair

An underactive thyroid can cause dryness of the skin and hair. Children may have rough, scaly skin that is prone to itching and develop dry, brittle hair that becomes thin and sparse over time.

4. Constipation

Children with an underactive thyroid may experience chronic constipation. This occurs due to the reduced production of thyroid hormones, which play a crucial role in regulating the digestive system and promoting regular bowel movements.

5. Sensitivity to cold

An underactive thyroid can affect the body’s ability to regulate temperature. As a result, children may feel cold more easily than others, even in mild temperatures.

They may require extra layers of clothing or complain of feeling chilly when others don’t.

6. Delayed puberty

In some cases, hypothyroidism can delay the onset of puberty in children. They may experience delayed development of secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast development in girls or voice deepening in boys.

7. Poor concentration and memory

Children with an underactive thyroid may struggle with concentration and memory. They may have difficulty focusing on tasks, experience brain fog, and have a harder time retaining information compared to their peers.

8. Muscle weakness and joint pain

Weakness in the muscles and joint pain can be characteristic symptoms of an underactive thyroid in children. They may complain of muscle cramps, stiffness, or general weakness, making it challenging to participate in physical activities.

9. Mood changes and depression

Hypothyroidism can affect a child’s mood and emotional well-being. They may display signs of irritability, sadness, and a general lack of interest in activities they once enjoyed. Some children may also experience symptoms of depression.

10. High cholesterol levels

An underactive thyroid can lead to increased levels of cholesterol in the blood, even in children. Elevated cholesterol levels can contribute to a higher risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular complications in the long run.

If you notice any of these signs or symptoms in your child, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation.

The doctor will likely perform blood tests to measure the thyroid hormone levels and determine if there is an underactive thyroid.

Early detection and appropriate management of an underactive thyroid in children are crucial to prevent long-term complications and ensure optimal growth and development.

With proper medical intervention, children with hypothyroidism can lead healthy and fulfilling lives.