Kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a condition where the kidneys are no longer able to function properly. This can have severe consequences for the overall health and well-being of an individual.

It is important to recognize the symptoms of kidney failure complications in order to seek timely medical attention and prevent further damage to these vital organs.

1. Increased Fatigue

One of the early symptoms of kidney failure complications is increased fatigue and a general feeling of tiredness. This occurs due to the kidneys’ inability to effectively remove waste products from the blood.

As a result, toxic substances build up in the body, leading to fatigue and lethargy.

2. Swelling

Kidney failure can cause excess fluid to accumulate in the body, leading to swelling in various parts like the legs, ankles, feet, and face. This swelling, also known as edema, occurs due to the kidneys’ impaired ability to regulate fluid balance.

It is important to note that swelling can also be a symptom of other medical conditions, so proper diagnosis is crucial.

3. Changes in Urination

A notable symptom of kidney failure complications is changes in urine frequency, volume, and appearance. The urine may become foamy or bubbly, have a dark orange or brown color, or even appear bloody.

Additionally, individuals may experience increased or decreased urine output, as well as a frequent urge to urinate throughout the day or night.

4. Persistent Itching

In kidney failure, the build-up of waste products and toxins in the blood can irritate the skin, leading to persistent itching. This itching often worsens at night and can be generalized or localized to specific areas of the body.

Scratching the itchy areas excessively can cause skin damage and increase the risk of infection.

5. Shortness of Breath

Kidney failure complications can result in fluid accumulation in the lungs, causing shortness of breath. As the kidneys are unable to effectively remove excess fluid from the body, it can build up in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe properly.

Shortness of breath may also be accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the chest and wheezing.

6. Nausea and Vomiting

When the kidneys fail to eliminate waste products and toxins from the body, it can lead to a build-up of these substances in the bloodstream. This can cause persistent nausea and vomiting.

Individuals may experience a loss of appetite and an aversion to certain foods. Persistent vomiting can also lead to dehydration, further complicating the condition.

7. Muscle Cramps and Weakness

Electrolyte imbalances caused by kidney failure can lead to muscle cramps and weakness. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of electrolytes like potassium and calcium in the body.

When this balance is disrupted, it can result in muscle cramps and weakness, affecting daily activities and overall mobility.

8. Difficulty Concentrating

Kidney failure complications can affect cognitive function and mental clarity. Individuals may experience difficulty concentrating, memory problems, and decreased alertness.

This occurs due to the build-up of toxins and waste products in the bloodstream, affecting brain function. In severe cases, it can lead to confusion and even seizures.

9. High Blood Pressure

Kidney failure can cause an increase in blood pressure levels. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure by controlling the amount of fluid in the body and producing hormones that help dilate or constrict blood vessels.

When the kidneys are unable to perform these functions effectively, it can result in high blood pressure, further complicating the condition.

10. Bone Health Problems

Healthy kidneys play a vital role in maintaining bone health by producing an active form of vitamin D and regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body.

In kidney failure, the impaired kidneys are unable to produce enough vitamin D, leading to bone health problems like osteoporosis, bone pain, and an increased risk of fractures.