Nephrotic syndrome, also known as nephrosis, is a rare kidney condition that can occur in children. It is a type of kidney disease that affects the tiny blood vessels in the kidneys, causing them to leak protein into the urine.

This leads to swelling in different parts of the body, especially in the legs, feet, and ankles, as well as changes in the child’s urine color and frequency. Other symptoms may include fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight gain.

If you suspect that your child may have nephrotic syndrome, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. Here are some key signs and symptoms to look out for:.

1. Edema

One of the main symptoms of nephrotic syndrome is edema, or swelling in the body. This can occur in different parts of the body, but it is most commonly seen in the legs, feet, and ankles.

The swelling may be mild or severe, and it can make it difficult for your child to move around or do normal activities. In some cases, the swelling can also affect the face, hands, and belly.

2. Changes in Urine

Nephrotic syndrome can also cause changes in your child’s urine. You may notice that your child is urinating less frequently than usual, or that the urine is darker in color than normal.

In some cases, the urine may also be foamy or bubbly due to the excess protein that is being released from the kidneys.

3. Fatigue

If your child has nephrotic syndrome, they may also feel extremely tired or fatigued.

This may be due to several factors, such as the changes in their kidney function, the loss of protein from their body, or the medication they are taking to treat the condition.

4. Loss of Appetite

Another symptom of nephrotic syndrome is a loss of appetite. Your child may not feel like eating or may only want to eat small amounts at a time. This can lead to weight loss or a failure to gain weight properly.

5. Weight Gain

Ironically, even though your child may be eating less due to loss of appetite, nephrotic syndrome can also cause weight gain. This is because the body may retain fluid, leading to swelling and a higher number on the scale.

6. Infections

Children with nephrotic syndrome are also at a higher risk of developing infections. This is because the loss of protein from their body can weaken their immune system and make it harder for them to fight off germs and viruses.

Common infections that may occur include pneumonia, skin infections, and urinary tract infections.

7. High Blood Pressure

In some cases, nephrotic syndrome can also cause high blood pressure. This can be a serious complication, as it can increase the risk of further damage to the kidneys and other organs.

If your child has high blood pressure, your doctor may recommend medication or diet changes to help manage it.

8. Foamy Urine

As mentioned earlier, one of the changes in urine that may occur with nephrotic syndrome is foamy or bubbly urine. This is due to the excess protein that is being released from the kidneys.

If you notice this symptom, it is important to get your child checked out by a doctor as soon as possible.

9. Swollen Belly

In severe cases of nephrotic syndrome, the belly may also become swollen due to fluid buildup. This can be a sign of a serious complication called ascites, which requires immediate medical attention.

If you notice that your child’s belly is swollen, seek emergency medical care right away.

10. Pale Skin

Finally, children with nephrotic syndrome may also have pale or yellow skin due to the loss of red blood cells or the buildup of waste products in the body.

If you notice that your child’s skin color looks off or they seem more tired than usual, get them checked out by a doctor.

If you suspect that your child may have nephrotic syndrome, it is important to seek medical attention right away. Your doctor can perform tests to confirm the diagnosis and recommend a treatment plan based on your child’s specific needs.