It’s that time of year when cold and flu viruses are rampant. One minute you feel fine, and the next, you’re fighting off a runny nose, cough, and a sore throat.
But is it a cold or the flu? While the two illnesses share many symptoms, there are differences that can help you determine which one you have.
What is a Cold?
A cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory system. It’s the most common illness in humans and can be caused by over 200 different viruses. The symptoms of a cold are usually mild and last for a few days to a week. They include:.
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sneezing
- Sore throat
- Coughing
- Watery eyes
Colds are often spread from person to person through the air or by touching a contaminated surface. While there is no cure for a cold, you can treat the symptoms with over-the-counter medications, rest, and fluids.
What is the Flu?
The flu is a viral infection that affects the respiratory system. It’s caused by the influenza virus and can lead to serious health complications if left untreated.
The symptoms of the flu are more severe than those of a cold and can last for up to two weeks. They include:.
- Fever
- Body aches
- Fatigue
- Coughing
- Sore throat
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Headache
- Chills
The flu can be transmitted through the air or by touching a contaminated surface. It’s important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have the flu, especially if you are at risk for complications.
What are the Differences Between a Cold and the Flu?
While the symptoms of a cold and the flu can be similar, there are some differences that can help you determine which one you have:.
Duration of Illness
A cold usually lasts for a few days to a week, while the flu can last for up to two weeks.
Fever
A fever is more common with the flu than with a cold. With the flu, you may have a fever of 100 degrees Fahrenheit or higher.
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Flu or Cold? Understanding the Differences
Body Aches
Body aches are more common with the flu than with a cold. With the flu, you may feel achy all over your body.
Fatigue
Fatigue is more common with the flu than with a cold. With the flu, you may feel extremely tired.
Cough
A cough is common with both a cold and the flu, but it’s usually more severe with the flu.
Sore Throat
A sore throat is common with both a cold and the flu, but it’s usually more severe with a cold.
Nasal Congestion
Nasal congestion is more common with a cold than with the flu.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While a cold can usually be treated at home with over-the-counter medications and rest, the flu can lead to serious health complications. It’s important to seek medical attention if you have:.
- Fever of 100 degrees Fahrenheit or higher
- Chest pain or pressure
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Sudden dizziness
- Confusion
- Severe vomiting
If you are at risk for complications from the flu, such as young children, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems, you should also seek medical attention.
Preventing Colds and the Flu
The best way to prevent a cold or the flu is to practice good hygiene:.
- Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
- Cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze
- Avoid touching your face
- Avoid close contact with people who are sick
- Clean and disinfect surfaces and objects that may be contaminated with germs
You can also get vaccinated against the flu to reduce your risk of getting sick. The flu vaccine is recommended for everyone over six months of age, especially those at risk for complications from the flu.
