Laryngeal cancer, also known as throat cancer, is a type of cancer that affects the tissues of the larynx or voice box.

The larynx is an important organ that helps control the flow of air to the lungs, while also allowing us to produce sound and communicate.

Signs of Laryngeal Cancer

Like most cancers, laryngeal cancer can be difficult to detect in its early stages. However, there are a few warning signs that you should be aware of, especially if they persist for more than two weeks:.

Changes in your voice, such as hoarseness, breathiness or a weak or scratchy voice
A persistent sore throat
Difficulty swallowing, or a sensation of food getting stuck in your throat
Difficulty breathing or persistent wheezing
Ear pain or unexplained weight loss

While these symptoms may not necessarily mean you have laryngeal cancer, it is always best to consult a doctor if you experience any of them for an extended period of time.

Causes of Laryngeal Cancer

Like most cancers, the exact causes of laryngeal cancer are not yet fully understood. However, several factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing the disease:.

Smoking and tobacco use: Tobacco smoke contains chemicals that can damage the DNA within your cells, leading to mutations that can cause cancer.
Heavy alcohol consumption: Alcohol can also damage your cells, making it easier for cancer to develop. Combining alcohol with smoking can further increase your risk of laryngeal cancer.
Exposure to certain chemicals: Certain chemicals, such as asbestos, wood dust and paint fumes, have been linked to an increased risk of laryngeal cancer.
Age and gender: Laryngeal cancer is more common in men than women, and the risk of the disease increases as you age.
Other medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and human papillomavirus (HPV), have been linked to an increased risk of laryngeal cancer.

It’s important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not mean you will develop laryngeal cancer, but it does increase your chances of doing so.

Diagnosing Laryngeal Cancer

If your doctor suspects you may have laryngeal cancer, they will typically perform several tests to diagnose the disease:.

Physical exam: Your doctor will examine your throat, checking for any lumps, swelling or discoloration.
Biopsy: Your doctor may take a small sample of tissue from your throat, which will be examined under a microscope for signs of cancer.
Imaging tests: Depending on the results of your physical exam and biopsy, your doctor may order X-rays, CT scans or MRI scans to get a better view of your throat and surrounding organs.

It’s important to work closely with your doctor throughout the diagnostic process to ensure you receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Treating Laryngeal Cancer

The treatment options for laryngeal cancer will depend on several factors, including the stage of the disease, the size and location of the tumor, and your overall health:.

Surgery: Depending on the size and location of the tumor, surgery may be used to remove it and any surrounding lymph nodes.
Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells and may be used in combination with surgery or chemotherapy.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells and is often used in combination with radiation therapy.

Your doctor may recommend one or more of these treatment options, depending on your individual circumstances and the stage of your cancer.