Hair abnormalities can be caused by a variety of medical conditions. These conditions can lead to changes in the texture, thickness, color, and overall appearance of hair.

Understanding the underlying medical conditions that can cause hair abnormalities is important in order to properly diagnose and treat the issue. In this article, we will explore 10 medical conditions that can lead to hair abnormalities.

1. Alopecia Areata

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss in patches. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to the sudden loss of hair.

This condition can cause hair to become thin and eventually lead to complete baldness in some cases.

2. Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This hormonal imbalance can lead to various hair abnormalities, including dryness, thinning, and brittleness.

Hair may become sparse and more prone to breakage.

3. Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, is a condition characterized by an overactive thyroid gland. Excess production of thyroid hormone can cause hair to become fine, weak, and more likely to fall out. Hair may also grow at an accelerated rate.

4. Lupus

Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs, including the skin and hair follicles. People with lupus may experience hair loss, hair thinning, and changes in hair texture.

In some cases, hair may grow back once the disease is under control.

5. Telogen Effluvium

Telogen effluvium is a temporary hair loss condition that occurs when there is a sudden and significant disruption to the hair growth cycle. This can be caused by factors such as childbirth, extreme stress, or surgery.

Hair may appear thinner and shed more than usual during this condition.

6. Trichotillomania

Trichotillomania is a psychological disorder in which individuals have an irresistible urge to pull out their hair. This can lead to noticeable hair loss and abnormalities, such as uneven hair growth or bald patches.

Treatment often involves therapy and counseling to address the underlying psychological issues.

7. Tinea Capitis

Tinea capitis, also known as scalp ringworm, is a fungal infection that can affect the scalp and hair follicles. It can cause hair to become brittle, break easily, and develop patches of hair loss.

Antifungal medications are typically used to treat this condition.

8. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects women and can cause a wide range of symptoms, including hair abnormalities. Women with PCOS may experience excessive hair growth on the face and body (hirsutism) and thinning of scalp hair.

Hormonal treatments and lifestyle changes may be recommended to manage PCOS-related hair abnormalities.

9. Nutritional Deficiencies

Nutritional deficiencies, such as iron deficiency anemia and vitamin D deficiency, can impact hair health and lead to abnormalities. Lack of essential nutrients can cause hair to become dry, brittle, and prone to breakage.

Maintaining a balanced diet and addressing any nutrient deficiencies can help improve hair health.

10. Cushing’s Syndrome

Cushing’s syndrome is a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of the hormone cortisol. This condition can cause hair to become thin, weak, and more prone to breaking.

Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause of cortisol overproduction.