Orthostatic tachycardia, also known as postural tachycardia syndrome, is a condition that causes an abnormally rapid heart rate when standing up. This condition is relatively common, affecting up to 500,000 people in the United States alone.

Signs and Symptoms

The most common signs and symptoms of orthostatic tachycardia include:.

Dizziness or lightheadedness upon standing up
Increased heart rate (usually 30 beats per minute or more) within 10 minutes of standing up
Fainting or near-fainting episodes
Headaches
Chest discomfort or pain
Shortness of breath
Fatigue or weakness
Tremulousness, nervousness, or anxiety

Causes

Orthostatic tachycardia can have a variety of causes, including:.

Dehydration
Low blood volume
Autonomic dysfunction
Anemia
Endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism or diabetes
Heart conditions such as arrhythmia or heart failure

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of orthostatic tachycardia typically involves a medical history review, physical exam, and diagnostic tests.

Your doctor may perform a tilt table test, which involves lying on a table that moves from a horizontal to a vertical position while your heart rate and blood pressure are monitored.

Blood tests may be taken to measure hormone and electrolyte levels, and your doctor may perform an electrocardiogram (ECG) to evaluate your heart’s electrical activity while you are lying down and standing up.

Treatment and Management

Orthostatic tachycardia treatment focuses on managing symptoms and identifying and treating underlying health conditions. Some management options for orthostatic tachycardia include:.

Increasing fluid and salt intake to expand blood volume
Taking medications that constrict blood vessels or regulate heart rate
Wearing compression stockings to help regulate blood pressure
Reducing alcohol and caffeine intake
Gradually increasing physical activity to improve cardiovascular health
Using a tilt table to improve symptoms and gradually train the body to tolerate upright positions

Your doctor may also recommend lifestyle changes to help manage symptoms, such as avoiding prolonged standing or sudden changes in position, maintaining a healthy diet, and getting adequate rest and relaxation.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience any of the signs or symptoms of orthostatic tachycardia, it is important to speak with your doctor for an evaluation. If you experience severe symptoms such as fainting or chest pain, seek medical attention immediately.

Prevention

Preventing orthostatic tachycardia involves managing and treating underlying health conditions, staying hydrated, and making lifestyle changes that promote good cardiovascular health.

If you have been diagnosed with orthostatic tachycardia, it is important to follow your doctor’s treatment plan and manage your symptoms to prevent complications such as fainting, falls, and injuries.

Conclusion

Orthostatic tachycardia can be a challenging condition to manage, but with proper treatment and management, many people are able to reduce their symptoms and improve their quality of life.

If you suspect that you have orthostatic tachycardia, it is important to speak with your doctor for an evaluation and to develop a comprehensive treatment plan.