Obesity, defined as having an excessive amount of body fat, is a global health problem. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), over 1.9 billion adults were overweight in 2016, out of which 650 million were obese.

Obesity not only affects physical appearance, but it also increases the risk of various chronic health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and many more.

Abdominal type of obesity

Abdominal obesity, also known as visceral obesity or central obesity, is a type of obesity that occurs when excessive fat accumulates around the abdominal viscera, including organs such as the stomach, liver, and intestines.

This type of obesity is more common in men than in women, and it is usually associated with an apple-shaped body. Unlike subcutaneous fat, which accumulates under the skin and functions as an energy reserve, visceral fat directly affects organ function and increases the risk of chronic diseases.

What causes abdominal obesity?

Abdominal obesity can be caused by several factors such as genetics, lifestyle choices, and hormonal imbalances. Some of the major causes of abdominal obesity are:.

1. Genetics

Some people may have a genetic predisposition to store excess fat in the abdomen. They may have a slower basal metabolic rate, which means their body burns fewer calories at rest.

2. Unhealthy diet

Consuming a diet high in saturated and trans fats can cause the body to store excess fat in the abdomen. Additionally, consuming processed foods and sugary drinks can lead to weight gain, especially around the abdominal area.

3. Sedentary lifestyle

Leading a sedentary lifestyle, such as sitting for prolonged periods and not exercising, can lead to abdominal obesity. The lack of physical activity slows down the metabolism, making it harder for the body to burn calories.

4. Hormonal imbalances

Hormonal imbalances such as chronically elevated cortisol levels, low testosterone levels in men, and insulin resistance can lead to abdominal obesity.

Related health risks

Abdominal obesity increases the risk of several chronic health conditions such as:.

1. Type 2 diabetes

Excessive fat around the abdomen can affect insulin sensitivity, leading to insulin resistance and eventually type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance occurs when the pancreas produces insulin, but the body doesn’t use it effectively.

2. Cardiovascular disease

Abdominal obesity increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease by increasing blood pressure, blood cholesterol levels, and inflammation.

3. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Excessive fat accumulation around the liver can lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This condition can cause scarring of the liver, which can lead to liver failure.

4. Sleep apnea

Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, can cause sleep apnea, a condition that causes brief interruptions in breathing during sleep.

5. Cancer

Excessive body fat, especially visceral fat, can increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer such as breast cancer, colon cancer, and pancreatic cancer.

Prevention and treatment

Preventing and treating abdominal obesity involves making healthy lifestyle choices such as:.

1. Eating a healthy diet

Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats can help prevent abdominal obesity.

2. Exercising regularly

Engaging in regular physical activity such as cardio and strength training can help burn calories and prevent abdominal obesity.

3. Managing stress

Stress can lead to elevated cortisol levels, which can increase the risk of abdominal obesity. Managing stress through exercise, meditation, and other relaxation techniques can help prevent this.

4. Seeking medical treatment

If lifestyle changes are not enough to prevent or treat abdominal obesity, seeking medical treatment may be necessary. Medical treatments may include prescription medications and surgery.

Conclusion

Abdominal obesity is a significant health risk that can increase the risk of developing chronic health conditions. Leading a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management can prevent and treat this condition.

If lifestyle changes are not enough, seeking medical treatment can also help.