Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is a type of breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Unfortunately, MBC is still considered an incurable disease, with an average survival rate of 3 years after diagnosis.

However, with the advancement of medical technology and research, there are pioneering options for MBC that can help patients with this disease.

1. Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a type of treatment that helps your immune system fight cancer. It works by boosting the body’s natural defenses against cancer cells. In recent years, immunotherapy has become one of the most promising treatments for MBC.

For example, a drug called pembrolizumab has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of MBC, which targets a protein found in some cancer cells and enhances the immune system’s response to cancer cells.

2. Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy is another type of treatment that focuses on specific molecules or genes that are involved in the growth and spread of cancer.

Unlike chemotherapy, which destroys both normal and cancer cells, targeted therapy is more specific and can help avoid damaging healthy cells. There are several targeted therapies approved by the FDA for the treatment of MBC, such as trastuzumab, which targets HER2-positive breast cancer, and palbociclib, which targets cyclin-dependent kinases.

3. Hormone Therapy

Hormone therapy is a type of treatment that blocks the hormones that fuel breast cancer growth. It is only effective for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, which accounts for about 70% of all breast cancer cases.

Hormone therapy can help slow down the growth of cancer and reduce the risk of recurrence. Some of the most commonly used hormone therapies for MBC include tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and fulvestrant.

4. Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy is a type of treatment that uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells. It is often used to relieve symptoms such as pain, swelling, and breathing difficulties caused by MBC.

Radiation therapy can also help reduce the size of tumors and prolong survival. However, it is not a curative treatment and is usually used in combination with other treatments.

5. Surgery

Surgery is not a common treatment for MBC, but it can be used to remove tumors that are causing significant problems, such as bleeding or blockages.

Surgery can also be used to remove metastatic tumors in certain areas, such as the brain, to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. However, surgery is usually not curative and is often used in combination with other treatments.

6. Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are research studies that test new treatments and therapies for different types of cancer, including MBC. Clinical trials can provide access to promising new therapies that are not yet available to the general public.

Participating in a clinical trial can also help advance cancer research and improve the understanding of the disease.

7. Palliative Care

Palliative care is a type of supportive care that focuses on relieving symptoms and improving quality of life for patients with MBC. It can help manage pain, nausea, fatigue, and other side effects of cancer treatment.

Palliative care can also provide emotional support for patients and their families, and help them cope with the emotional and physical challenges of MBC.

8. Lifestyle Changes

Lifestyle changes can also play an important role in managing MBC and improving quality of life. Eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and reducing stress can help improve overall health and well-being.

It is also important to quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and talk to your healthcare provider about any complementary or alternative therapies you may be considering.

9. Support Groups

Living with MBC can be challenging, both physically and emotionally. Support groups can provide a sense of community and understanding for patients and their families, and offer a safe space to share experiences and feelings.

10. Collaboration with Healthcare Providers

Collaboration with healthcare providers is essential for managing MBC. Patients should work closely with their doctors to develop a personalized treatment plan, discuss options and risks, and monitor symptoms and side effects.

Open and honest communication is key to ensuring the best possible care and outcome.