Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus. They can be internal, occurring inside the rectum, or external, forming under the skin around the anus. Hemorrhoids can cause discomfort, itching, bleeding, and pain.

Types of hemorrhoids

There are two types of hemorrhoids:.

1. Internal hemorrhoids

Internal hemorrhoids develop inside the rectum. Often, they are not visible or felt unless they protrude through the rectum and become enlarged. Internal hemorrhoids can cause bright red blood during bowel movements.

2. External hemorrhoids

External hemorrhoids are located under the skin around the anus. They can be felt as lumps or bulges and may cause pain and irritation. Blood clots can form in these hemorrhoids, causing severe pain and swelling.

Causes of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids can develop due to various factors:.

1. Straining during bowel movements

Straining while passing stool puts pressure on the blood vessels in the rectum and anus, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.

2. Chronic constipation or diarrhea

Consistently experiencing either constipation or diarrhea can contribute to the development of hemorrhoids. These conditions strain the rectal area.

3. Sitting for long periods

Sitting or standing for extended periods can increase pressure on the veins in the lower rectum and anus, increasing the risk of hemorrhoids.

4. Pregnancy

Pregnancy puts added pressure on the veins in the lower body due to the growing uterus. This pressure can lead to the development of hemorrhoids in pregnant women.

5. Obesity

Being overweight or obese adds extra pressure on the veins in the rectum and anus, increasing the likelihood of hemorrhoids.

6. Poor diet

A diet low in fiber and high in processed foods can cause constipation, leading to straining during bowel movements and the development of hemorrhoids.

Preventing hemorrhoids

While hemorrhoids can be a common and uncomfortable condition, there are steps you can take to prevent their occurrence:.

Related Article 30 tips to prevent hemorrhoids

1. Maintain a high-fiber diet

Eating foods rich in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, can add bulk to your stool and make it easier to pass. This prevents straining during bowel movements and reduces the risk of hemorrhoids.

2. Stay hydrated

Drinking an adequate amount of water helps keep your stools soft and prevents constipation, reducing the chances of developing hemorrhoids.

3. Avoid straining

Avoid straining during bowel movements. Take your time when using the bathroom, and if you experience difficulty, try using a stool softener or a fiber supplement to alleviate the strain.

4. Exercise regularly

Engaging in regular physical activity can help prevent constipation and promote healthy bowel movements. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise, such as walking or swimming, most days of the week.

5. Practice good bathroom habits

Avoid sitting on the toilet for long periods. When you feel the urge to have a bowel movement, respond promptly to prevent the stool from becoming dry and difficult to pass.

6. Maintain a healthy weight

By maintaining a healthy weight, you reduce the pressure on the veins in the rectum and anus, minimizing the risk of hemorrhoids.

7. Avoid prolonged sitting or standing

If your job requires long periods of sitting or standing, take breaks frequently. Movement helps improve blood circulation and reduces the strain on your rectum and anus.

8. Practice good hygiene

Keeping the anal area clean and dry can help prevent irritation and itching that can worsen hemorrhoids. Use gentle cleansers and pat the area dry with a soft towel.

9. Use moist toilet wipes

Toilet paper can be abrasive and exacerbate hemorrhoid symptoms. Consider using moist toilet wipes or a bidet to gently clean the area after bowel movements.

10. Avoid lifting heavy objects

Lifting heavy objects can strain the lower body, including the rectal area. If possible, use proper lifting techniques or ask for assistance to avoid adding unnecessary pressure.

When to seek medical advice

In most cases, hemorrhoids can be managed with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter remedies.

However, if you experience severe pain, persistent bleeding, or if your hemorrhoids do not improve with home treatment, it is essential to seek medical advice. A healthcare provider can evaluate your condition and recommend appropriate treatment options.