Dry eye is a condition that occurs when you don’t have enough tears to lubricate your eyes. Tears are necessary for maintaining the health of the front surface of the eye and for providing clear vision.

Dry eye is a common and often chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. In this article, we will discuss the causes and treatments of dry eye.

Causes of Dry Eye

There are many factors that can cause dry eye. Some of the most common causes include:.

Age

As we age, our eyes produce fewer tears. Women are also more likely to develop dry eye as they age because of changes in hormone levels.

Environmental factors

Exposure to wind, smoke, and dry air can all contribute to dry eye. Living in a dry climate or working in an environment that requires you to stare at a computer screen for long periods of time can also make your eyes dry.

Medications

Some medications can cause dry eye as a side effect. These include antihistamines, decongestants, blood pressure medication, and antidepressants.

Diseases

Some diseases can also cause dry eye, including Sjögren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus. These conditions cause your immune system to attack the glands that produce tears.

Symptoms of Dry Eye

The most common symptoms of dry eye include:.

Burning, itching, or stinging eyes
Red eyes
A feeling that something is in your eye
Sensitivity to light
Blurred vision
Trouble wearing contact lenses

Treatments for Dry Eye

The treatment for dry eye depends on the cause and severity of your symptoms. Some common treatments include:.

Artificial tears

Artificial tears are the most common treatment for dry eye. They are available over-the-counter and can help to lubricate your eyes and relieve dryness.

Prescription eye drops

If your dry eye is severe, your doctor may prescribe eye drops that reduce inflammation and increase tear production. These eye drops are different from artificial tears and should only be used under the guidance of an eye doctor.

Punctal plugs

Punctal plugs are tiny devices that are inserted into the tear ducts in your eyes. They help to block the drainage of tears from your eyes, which can help to keep your eyes lubricated.

LipiFlow

LipiFlow is a treatment that uses heat and pressure to unclog the glands in your eyes that produce tears. This can help to increase tear production and reduce dryness.

Nutritional supplements

Some nutritional supplements, such as omega-3 fatty acids, can help to reduce inflammation and improve the quality of your tears. Your doctor may recommend these supplements as part of your treatment plan.