In recent years, the United States has experienced outbreaks of Enterovirus D68, or EV-D68 for short.

The virus, which is similar to the common cold but can cause severe respiratory illness, primarily affects children, especially those with asthma or other respiratory issues. Here are five essential points to consider regarding the D68 outbreak.

1. The Extent of the Outbreak

The D68 outbreak first gained widespread attention in 2014, with a large number of cases being reported primarily in the Midwest. Since then, there have been smaller outbreaks in various regions of the country, including the Northeast and West Coast.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there have been 79 confirmed cases of EV-D68 in the U.S. as of July 2021.

2. Symptoms of EV-D68

Many people infected with EV-D68 experience mild cold-like symptoms, such as runny nose, sneezing, coughing, and fever.

However, some people, especially children, may experience more severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, wheezing, and chest tightness. In rare cases, EV-D68 can lead to hospitalization or even death.

3. How EV-D68 Spreads

Like many respiratory viruses, EV-D68 spreads from person to person through close contact. This can include coughing, sneezing, or touching contaminated surfaces and then touching one’s mouth, nose, or eyes.

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To help prevent the spread of the virus, the CDC recommends washing hands frequently with soap and water, avoiding close contact with people who are sick, and covering your nose and mouth with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing.

4. Who is at Risk

While EV-D68 can affect people of all ages, children, especially those with asthma or other respiratory issues, are most at risk.

According to the CDC, more than 80% of the children who have been hospitalized with EV-D68 had a history of asthma or wheezing. Other risk factors include being immunocompromised or having a weakened immune system.

5. Treatment and Prevention

Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for EV-D68. Treatment typically involves relieving symptoms, such as fever and cough, with over-the-counter medications.

If a person is experiencing severe respiratory symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, they may need to be hospitalized for care. Prevention is key when it comes to EV-D68. This includes practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently and avoiding close contact with sick individuals.

Additionally, individuals with asthma or other respiratory issues should work with their healthcare providers to manage their condition and reduce their risk of complications from EV-D68 infection.