Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is notoriously difficult to detect in its early stages, often resulting in patients being diagnosed at advanced stages where treatment options are limited.

However, recent research has suggested that changes in the eyes could provide important clues and serve as early warning signs of lung cancer. In this visual guide, we will explore the ocular manifestations associated with lung cancer, allowing individuals to identify potential symptoms and seek medical attention promptly.

1. Clubbing of Fingernails

Clubbing of the fingernails occurs when the tips of the fingers enlarge and the nails curve over the fingertips. This condition, also known as digital clubbing, has been associated with lung cancer.

Although the exact mechanism is not fully understood, it is believed to be related to insufficient oxygenation caused by lung tumors. Individuals with clubbed nails should consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.

2. Yellowing of the Eyes (Jaundice)

Jaundice is a condition characterized by a yellowing of the skin and eyes. It occurs when there is a buildup of bilirubin, a yellow pigment, in the blood. Lung cancer can cause obstruction of the bile duct, leading to jaundice.

Therefore, individuals who notice yellowing of their eyes should seek medical attention to rule out any underlying causes, including lung cancer.

3. Drooping Eyelids (Ptosis)

Ptosis is the medical term used to describe drooping of the upper eyelid. While it can occur due to various reasons, such as muscle weakness or nerve damage, it has also been observed in some lung cancer cases.

Ptosis associated with lung cancer may result from the involvement of certain nerves or muscles that control eyelid movement. Any persistent drooping should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

4. Excessive Tearing

Excessive tearing, also known as epiphora, can be caused by multiple factors, including lung cancer. Tumors near the eyes can exert pressure on tear ducts, leading to blockage and subsequent tear overflow.

Individuals experiencing persistent tearing or watery eyes should consider consulting a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause.

5. Bulging or Protruding Eyes (Proptosis)

Proptosis refers to the abnormal bulging or protrusion of one or both eyes. While proptosis can be associated with various conditions, it has been observed in some cases of lung cancer.

Tumors located near the orbit can cause inflammation and swelling, resulting in the displacement of the eye(s). Any noticeable bulging should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare professional.

6. Vision Changes

Lung cancer may sometimes cause vision changes or disturbances. These changes may manifest as blurred vision, double vision (diplopia), or even a loss of visual acuity.

Vision changes in the context of lung cancer can occur due to the spread of tumors to the optic nerve or other structures involved in vision. Individuals experiencing such symptoms should seek immediate medical attention.

7. Red or Bloodshot Eyes

Red or bloodshot eyes can result from various factors, including lung cancer. Lung tumors can occasionally cause changes in blood vessels, leading to eye redness or a bloodshot appearance.

While other causes, such as allergies or eye infections, are more common, persistent redness should not be ignored and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

8. Swelling Around the Eyes

Swelling around the eyes, medically known as periorbital edema, can occur due to several reasons, including lung cancer. Tumors can cause obstruction or inflammation of lymph nodes, leading to fluid buildup and subsequent swelling.

Individuals experiencing persistent swelling around the eyes should consult a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause.

9. Changes in Pupil Size

Lung cancer can rarely affect the size and reactivity of the pupil, a condition known as anisocoria. Anisocoria can occur when tumors invade or compress certain nerves responsible for pupillary control.

Any noticeable changes in pupil size or shape, or asymmetry between the eyes, should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

10. Eyelid Twitching or Spasms (Blepharospasm)

Blepharospasm refers to involuntary eyelid twitching or spasms. While the exact causes of blepharospasm are not fully understood, it has been associated with lung cancer in some cases.

These muscle contractions may be a result of nerve involvement or irritation near the eyes. Persistent or bothersome eyelid twitching should be examined by a healthcare professional.

In conclusion, while the eyes may not be typically associated with lung cancer, they can provide valuable early warning signs of the disease.

Any noticeable changes, such as clubbing of fingernails, yellowing of the eyes, drooping eyelids, excessive tearing, bulging or protruding eyes, vision changes, red or bloodshot eyes, swelling around the eyes, changes in pupil size, or eyelid twitching should not be ignored. Prompt recognition of these ocular manifestations can facilitate early detection and timely management of lung cancer, ultimately improving patient outcomes.