Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the joints, causing inflammation and pain. It is estimated that approximately 1.3 million adults in the United States have RA.

RA can occur in anyone, but it is more common in women and usually develops between the ages of 30 and 60. Many women with RA are of childbearing age, so there is a need to understand how RA can affect pregnancy and the health of the unborn child.

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that attacks the body’s own tissues, causing inflammation and damage to the joints. The immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints, causing swelling, pain, and stiffness.

Over time, the inflammation can lead to permanent damage to the joints, which can make it difficult to move and do everyday activities.

Rheumatoid Arthritis in Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a time of many changes in a woman’s body, including changes to the immune system.

Many women with RA experience a decrease in symptoms during pregnancy, but others may have worsening symptoms or experience their first symptoms during pregnancy. The reasons for these changes are not completely understood, but it is thought that the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy may play a role.

RA treatments can also affect pregnancy. Some medications used to treat RA can be harmful to the developing fetus and should be avoided during pregnancy.

Other medications can be safely used during pregnancy, but women with RA should always consult with their doctor before and during pregnancy to ensure that they are receiving the appropriate care.

The Effects of Rheumatoid Arthritis During Pregnancy on Child Health

There is some evidence to suggest that RA during pregnancy may have an impact on the health of the baby. Studies have shown that infants born to mothers with RA are more likely to be born prematurely and have a low birth weight.

Additionally, these infants may be more likely to have respiratory problems, such as asthma, and may be at an increased risk for certain infections. However, it is important to note that these risks are generally small and that most babies born to mothers with RA are healthy.

There is also some evidence to suggest that children born to mothers with RA may be at an increased risk for developing autoimmune diseases themselves.

This risk appears to be greatest for children of mothers who have RA that is well-controlled with medications during pregnancy. However, it is important to note that the overall risk of a child developing an autoimmune disease is still relatively small.

Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis During Pregnancy

If you have RA and are considering pregnancy, it is important to work closely with your doctor to manage your condition.

Your doctor can help you determine which medications are safe to use during pregnancy and can work with you to create a treatment plan that addresses your unique needs.

During pregnancy, it is also important to take steps to reduce your risk of complications. This may include maintaining a healthy weight, getting regular prenatal care, and managing any other medical conditions that you may have.

Additionally, it may be helpful to:

Get plenty of rest
Exercise regularly
Eat a healthy diet
Avoid smoking and alcohol

Conclusion

Rheumatoid arthritis can have an impact on pregnancy and the health of the unborn child. However, with proper management and monitoring, most women with RA can have healthy pregnancies and healthy babies.

If you have RA and are considering pregnancy, it is important to work closely with your doctor to create a treatment plan that works for you and your unique circumstances.