Obesity has been linked with a host of health problems including diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and cancer.

However, a recently published study has now added another potential adverse effect of obesity – slower flu recovery and increased severity of flu symptoms.

Research Findings

A study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases found that obese patients took longer to recover from the flu than patients who were not obese. The study followed 1,022 adults who were hospitalized with seasonal flu from 2016-2018.

The findings showed that obese patients who were infected with the H3N2 strain of the flu took more than a day longer to have their fever resolved as compared to non-obese patients, their viruses continued replicating, and their illness was more severe. The difference in recovery time between obese and non-obese patients was particularly noticeable in individuals under 65 years of age.

Why Obesity Impacts Immune Response

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and numerous metabolic derangements which can impair the normal functioning of the immune system.

This is because obesity induces disturbances in the number, function, and distribution of various immune cells. For example, there is a decrease in the number of natural killer cells and an increase in the number of proinflammatory T cells and monocytes that are associated with chronic inflammation.

Furthermore, obese adipose tissue has increased secretion of a variety of adipokines and cytokines that further amplify inflammatory processes. As a result, the immune system can have a weak response to an infection, making it difficult to fight off the flu virus in the body.

Effects of Obesity on Lung Function

In addition to the immune system impairment, the respiratory muscles and lungs themselves can also be affected by obesity. Excessive weight may lead to reduced lung volumes and pulmonary function.

This occurs because the excess weight puts pressure on the diaphragm, chest wall, and lungs, resulting in impaired lung function. Obese individuals may also experience chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which is a common respiratory disorder.

While genetics, cultural practices, and other factors influence obesity, many cases of obesity can be prevented through lifestyle choices. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing obesity-related health problems.

A balanced diet with a focus on fresh fruits and vegetables and whole-grain foods can help achieve a healthy weight. Regular physical activity and an active lifestyle is also important. Obesity prevention requires a multidisciplinary approach that involves the government, individuals, and health care professionals.

A healthcare provider can provide advice on weight loss programs, diet modifications, and exercise regimens.

Conclusion

Obesity has been associated with a wide range of health problems, and this recent study adds another concern to the list, slower flu recovery and increased severity of flu symptoms.

The research findings show that obese patients who contract the flu take longer to recover from the illness, and are likely to experience more severe symptoms. The study also highlights the effect of obesity on the immune system, including its role in inducing chronic inflammation and impairing lung function.

Therefore, prevention of obesity and its related health problems is important to protect against its adverse effects and ensure proper immune functioning for fighting off infections.