Eczema, also known as dermatitis, is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It causes the skin to become red, itchy, dry, and sometimes even painful.

While eczema can affect anyone, some people may be more likely to develop it due to certain risk factors. In this article, we will discuss the top 5 risk factors for adult eczema that you should be aware of.

1. Genetics

One of the main risk factors for eczema is genetics. If you have a family history of the condition, you may be more likely to develop it yourself.

Studies suggest that certain genetic mutations can make a person more susceptible to eczema by affecting the skin’s ability to hold moisture and protect against irritants. Additionally, genetic variations can impact the immune system, which is responsible for controlling inflammation and other responses that play a role in eczema development.

2. Environmental Triggers

Another significant risk factor for eczema is exposure to certain environmental triggers. These include irritants such as soaps, detergents, and other chemicals, as well as allergens like pollen, pet dander, and dust mites.

When these substances come into contact with the skin, they can cause an inflammatory response that leads to eczema symptoms.

In addition to these external factors, internal triggers such as stress, hormonal changes, and certain medications can also play a role in eczema development.

For example, stress can cause the body to release certain chemicals that can trigger inflammation and worsen eczema symptoms. Women may also be more prone to eczema due to hormonal changes during pregnancy or the menstrual cycle.

3. Skin Barrier Dysfunction

Healthy skin has a protective barrier that helps to prevent moisture loss, keep out harmful substances, and defend against infection.

However, in people with eczema, this barrier may be compromised or weakened, making the skin more susceptible to damage and irritation. Skin barrier dysfunction can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, environmental triggers, and immune dysfunction.

Some of the common signs of skin barrier dysfunction include dryness, flakiness, and a rough texture. In severe cases, cracks and fissures may develop, which can be painful and increase the risk of infection.

To help address this risk factor, skincare products such as moisturizers and emollients can be used to help strengthen and restore the skin’s protective barrier.

4. Immune Dysfunction

Eczema is also thought to be related to immune dysfunction, which can affect the body’s ability to regulate inflammation and protect against infection.

In people with eczema, the immune system may overreact to certain triggers, leading to inflammation and other symptoms. Additionally, other immune disorders like autoimmune conditions may increase the risk of eczema development.

To help support immune function and reduce the risk of eczema, a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management techniques can be beneficial.

Certain supplements may also be helpful in regulating the immune system, including probiotics, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids.

5. Age

Finally, age can be a risk factor for eczema. While the condition can affect people of all ages, it is most commonly diagnosed in children and young adults. However, for some people, eczema may persist into adulthood or even develop later in life.

Additionally, older adults may be more at risk of developing eczema-related complications, such as infections or skin cancer.

To help reduce the risk of eczema-related complications in older adults, it is important to maintain good skin health and seek prompt medical attention for any skin changes or abnormalities.

Additionally, following a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, a balanced diet, and stress management can help support skin health and reduce the risk of eczema development.