Gastroesophageal reflux, also known as acid reflux, is a condition where the acidic contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus. This can cause discomfort and pain in the chest and throat.

GERD is a chronic form of acid reflux that can cause more serious health problems if left untreated. Here are some common symptoms of GERD explained in pictures.

1. Heartburn

The most common symptom of GERD is heartburn, which is a burning sensation in the chest that often occurs after eating or lying down. It can be accompanied by a sour or acidic taste in the mouth.

2. Regurgitation

Regurgitation is the feeling of stomach contents flowing back up into the throat or mouth. This can cause a sour or bitter taste in the mouth and is often accompanied by a feeling of nausea or discomfort in the chest.

3. Difficulty swallowing

GERD can cause difficulty swallowing, also known as dysphagia. This can make it feel like food is getting stuck in your throat or chest, and can be accompanied by pain or discomfort when swallowing.

4. Chronic cough

GERD can cause a chronic cough that is not accompanied by other cold or flu symptoms. The cough is often caused by stomach acid irritating the throat and airways.

5. Asthma or wheezing

GERD can also trigger asthma symptoms, such as wheezing and shortness of breath. This is because acid reflux can irritate the airways and cause inflammation, making it harder to breathe.

6. Sore throat or hoarseness

Acid reflux can cause a sore throat or hoarseness, which is often worse in the morning. This is because stomach acid can irritate the throat and vocal cords, causing inflammation and discomfort.

7. Chest pain

GERD can cause chest pain or discomfort, which can be mistaken for a heart attack. This pain is often a burning sensation and can be accompanied by a feeling of tightness or pressure in the chest.

8. Laryngitis

Chronic acid reflux can also cause laryngitis, which is inflammation of the larynx or voice box. This can cause a hoarse voice, difficulty speaking, and a feeling of tightness or discomfort in the throat.

9. Dental problems

GERD can cause dental problems, such as tooth decay and erosion, due to the acidic contents of the stomach reaching the mouth. This can lead to sensitive teeth, cavities, and other dental issues.

10. Bad breath

GERD can also cause bad breath, or halitosis, due to the stomach contents reaching the mouth and throat. This can be accompanied by a sour or acidic taste in the mouth.