Herpes zoster, more commonly known as shingles, is a viral infection that causes a painful rash. Here are some common questions and answers to help you better understand this condition:.

What causes herpes zoster?

Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chickenpox. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus remains in the body but is inactive.

Later in life, the virus can reactivate and cause herpes zoster.

Who is at risk for herpes zoster?

Anyone who has had chickenpox is at risk for herpes zoster, but the risk increases with age. People over 50 years old have a higher risk of developing the condition.

Other factors that increase the risk include having a weakened immune system and being under significant stress.

What are the symptoms of herpes zoster?

The main symptom of herpes zoster is a painful rash that usually appears on one side of the body or face. The rash may be accompanied by fever, chills, headache, and fatigue. The rash develops into clusters of blisters that scab over and eventually heal.

The pain associated with herpes zoster can be severe and may last for weeks or months after the rash has cleared.

How is herpes zoster diagnosed?

A healthcare provider can diagnose herpes zoster based on the symptoms and physical examination. The provider may also take a sample from the rash to test for the virus.

What is the treatment for herpes zoster?

Antiviral medications can help shorten the duration of the disease and reduce the severity of the symptoms. Pain relievers and topical creams can help ease the pain and discomfort. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.

Is herpes zoster contagious?

While herpes zoster itself is not contagious, a person with the rash can spread the virus to someone who has not had chickenpox or been vaccinated against it.

The virus is spread through direct contact with the rash or through respiratory secretions from coughing or sneezing.

Can herpes zoster be prevented?

A vaccine called Zostavax can help prevent herpes zoster in people over the age of 50. The vaccine is also recommended for people who have had herpes zoster in the past.

Maintaining a healthy immune system through regular exercise, nutritious eating, and stress reduction may also help prevent the disease.

What are the complications of herpes zoster?

Complications of herpes zoster include postherpetic neuralgia, which is persistent pain in the area where the rash was located, and vision loss if the rash is present on the face.

Other complications can include bacterial skin infections, pneumonia, and hearing loss.

When should I see a healthcare provider about herpes zoster?

You should see a healthcare provider if you suspect you have herpes zoster or if you have been in close contact with someone who has the condition. Early treatment can help reduce the severity of the symptoms and decrease the risk of complications.

What should I do if I have herpes zoster?

If you have herpes zoster, it is important to avoid contact with people who have not had chickenpox or been vaccinated against it. You should also keep the affected area clean and dry, and avoid scratching the rash.

Your healthcare provider will provide specific instructions for managing the symptoms and preventing the spread of the virus.