Streptococcus A is a bacterium that can cause infections in humans. It is also known as Group A streptococcus (GAS). GAS is a common bacterium that can cause mild to severe infections like strep throat, impetigo, and cellulitis.

In rare cases, GAS can lead to more severe infections like toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis.

Symptoms of Streptococcus A Infection

The symptoms of Streptococcus A infection can vary depending on the type of infection:.

Strep Throat

Strep throat is a common infection caused by GAS. The symptoms of strep throat include:.

Sudden onset of a sore throat
Fever above 101°F (38.3°C)
Tender, swollen lymph nodes in the neck
Difficulty swallowing
Red and swollen tonsils, sometimes with white patches or streaks of pus
Headache
Nausea and vomiting, especially in children

Impetigo

Impetigo is a skin infection caused by GAS. The symptoms of impetigo include:.

Red sores on the face, arms, or legs that may be itchy
Blisters filled with yellowish fluid that burst and crust over
Swollen lymph nodes

Cellulitis

Cellulitis is a skin infection caused by GAS. The symptoms of cellulitis include:.

Red, swollen, and painful skin that feels hot to the touch
Fever and chills
Blisters or pus-filled sores
Swollen lymph nodes

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is caused by toxins produced by GAS. The symptoms of TSS include:.

Fever above 102°F (38.9°C)
Rash on palms and soles of feet
Low blood pressure
Headache
Muscle aches
Nausea and vomiting
Confusion or disorientation

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious infection caused by GAS. The symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis include:.

Severe pain and swelling around the infected area
Fever and chills
Skin turning black and dying
Blisters filled with a brownish fluid or pus
Nausea and vomiting
Low blood pressure

Treatment of Streptococcus A Infection

Treatment for Streptococcus A infection depends on the type and severity of the infection. Common treatments include:.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are the most common treatment for GAS infections. They can be given orally or intravenously depending on the severity of the infection. Common antibiotics for GAS infections include penicillin and erythromycin.

Pain relievers

Pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used to reduce pain and fever associated with strep throat, impetigo, and cellulitis.

Wound care

If a person has necrotizing fasciitis, wound care is an important part of treatment. This may include surgery to remove dead tissue and skin grafts to promote healing.

Symptom relief

Treatment for toxic shock syndrome focuses on stabilizing the patient’s blood pressure and treating the symptoms of the infection. This may include IV fluids, oxygen therapy, and pain medication.

Prevention of Streptococcus A Infection

To prevent Streptococcus A infection, practice good hygiene including:.

Wash hands often with soap and water
Cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze
Avoid close contact with people who are sick
Avoid sharing personal items like towels or razors

For people who have had a GAS infection, take the following precautions to prevent spreading the bacteria to others:.

Stay home from school or work for at least 24 hours after starting antibiotics
Avoid close contact with people until symptoms have gone away
Cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze
Wash your hands often with soap and water

Conclusion

Streptococcus A is a common bacterium that can cause mild to severe infections. The symptoms of a GAS infection depend on the type and severity of the infection. Treatment for GAS infections usually involves antibiotics and symptom relief.

Good hygiene practices can help prevent the spread of GAS infections.