Fish is a popular food for expectant mothers as it is a great source of omega-3 fatty acids that have been linked to many health benefits for the baby.

However, recent research points out that consuming fish oil supplements may not have the same effects as eating fish itself. In this article, we discuss the importance of consuming fish over fish oil supplements during pregnancy and its link with reduced risk of child asthma.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Pregnancy

Omega-3 fatty acids are an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in fetal development.

EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) are two types of omega-3 fatty acids that are only obtained through diet and not produced by the body.

During pregnancy, omega-3 fatty acids are important for the development of the baby’s brain and eyes, as well as the nervous and immune systems.

It is also linked to reducing the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and postpartum depression in mothers.

Fish vs Fish Oil Supplements

Fish is the best dietary source of EPA and DHA, and consuming fish twice a week or more during pregnancy is recommended to meet the omega-3 requirements. However, some pregnant women might not be able to consume fish or may prefer supplements instead.

Fish oil supplements are extracted from the tissues of fatty fish and are available in a variety of forms such as capsules, liquids, and gummies.

Although they are more convenient to consume and have a longer shelf life compared to fresh fish, the efficacy of supplements in providing the same benefits as fish is still debated.

Research on Fish and Fish Oil Supplements in Pregnancy

A systematic review conducted in 2018 evaluated the effects of fish consumption and fish oil supplements during pregnancy on the child’s neurodevelopment.

The study found that consuming fish during pregnancy led to better child neurodevelopment outcomes than fish oil supplements. Another study found that children born to mothers who consumed fish during pregnancy had a lower risk of asthma at age 5 compared to those whose mothers did not.

Other research suggests that fish consumption during pregnancy is associated with better child cognitive development, language skills, and a lower risk of behavioral disorders such as ADHD.

Reduced Risk of Child Asthma

Asthma is a common chronic respiratory condition in children, and its prevalence has been increasing in recent decades. The causes of asthma are complex and multifactorial, including genetic and environmental factors.

Several studies have investigated the association between fish consumption during pregnancy and the risk of child asthma, with some showing a protective effect.

A meta-analysis of 20 studies concluded that consuming fish during pregnancy was associated with a 14% reduction in the risk of child asthma. The protective effect was stronger in children whose mothers consumed fish more than once a week, and in those who were breastfed.

Conclusion

In summary, consuming fish during pregnancy is an effective way to provide EPA and DHA to support fetal development and reduce the risk of child asthma.

While fish oil supplements may seem like an easier alternative, they may not provide the same health benefits as eating fish itself. Pregnant women should aim to include fish in their diet at least twice a week, especially fatty fish like salmon, sardines, and mackerel.

For those who cannot consume fish or prefer supplements, it is best to consult a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.