Gluten intolerance, sometimes referred to as non-celiac gluten sensitivity, is a condition characterized by adverse reactions to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.

While it’s estimated that only a small percentage of people have celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten that damages the small intestine and causes various health problems, gluten intolerance has become more prevalent in recent years.

What Is Neuropathy?

Neuropathy, also known as peripheral neuropathy, is a condition that affects the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, causing pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in various parts of the body.

It can result from a variety of causes, such as physical injury, infection, metabolic disorders, and exposure to toxins.

The Connection between Gluten Intolerance and Neuropathy

Recent studies have suggested that there may be a link between gluten intolerance and neuropathy, particularly in the context of celiac disease.

A 2010 study published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry found that up to 22% of celiac disease patients had peripheral neuropathy. Another study published in the Journal of Clinical Neuromuscular Disease in 2011 indicated that gluten sensitivity may be associated with different types of neuropathy, including sensory neuropathy and motor neuropathy.

One mechanism that may explain the connection between gluten intolerance and neuropathy is inflammation.

Gluten has been shown to trigger an immune response that causes chronic inflammation in the body, and this inflammation can damage the nerves over time. In addition, gluten could directly damage the nerve fibers, impairing their function and leading to neuropathic symptoms.

The symptoms of gluten-related neuropathy can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Some common signs and symptoms may include:.

Numbness, tingling, or burning sensations in the hands or feet
Weakness in the muscles
Difficulty walking or maintaining balance
Inability to feel sensations in the skin, such as temperature or touch
Sharp, shooting pains in the affected areas
Muscle cramps or spasms
Lack of coordination or dexterity in the fingers or toes

If you have symptoms of neuropathy and a history of gluten intolerance, your doctor may recommend testing for celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

Blood tests and intestinal biopsies can help identify the presence of the autoimmune response or damage to the small intestine.

To manage gluten-related neuropathy, the first step is to eliminate gluten from your diet. This may involve avoiding foods that contain wheat, barley, and rye, as well as processed foods that may contain hidden sources of gluten.

It’s important to work with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian to ensure you’re getting adequate nutrients and avoiding cross-contamination.

In addition to dietary changes, there are several treatments that may help alleviate the symptoms of neuropathy, such as physical therapy, pain medications, and nerve stimulation.

However, these treatments may vary depending on the type and severity of the condition, and the underlying cause.

Prevention and Management of Gluten Intolerance and Neuropathy

While there is no known cure for celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity, there are steps you can take to manage your symptoms and reduce your risk of complications.

Some tips for preventing and managing gluten intolerance and neuropathy may include:.

Avoiding gluten-containing foods and processed products that may contain hidden sources of gluten
Reading food labels carefully and asking servers about gluten-free options when dining out
Staying up to date on the latest research and guidelines related to gluten intolerance and neuropathy
Talking to your healthcare provider about any concerns or questions you may have about your diagnosis or treatment
Working with a registered dietitian to develop a balanced and nutritious diet that meets your needs and avoids gluten

Conclusion

Gluten intolerance and neuropathy are two conditions that can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life.

While the link between these two conditions is not yet fully understood, emerging research suggests that there may be a connection, particularly in the context of celiac disease. If you’re experiencing symptoms of neuropathy and have a history of gluten intolerance, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider and get tested for the presence of celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

With the right diagnosis and management plan in place, you can reduce your symptoms and improve your overall health and well-being.