Thrombocytopenia is a medical condition that occurs when there is a low count of platelets in a person’s blood. Platelets are known as the blood cells that help your body to form clots when you have an injury or a cut.

When a person has a low platelet count, this can cause excessive bleeding and bruising. Understanding the causes of thrombocytopenia can help people to manage their condition better. Here are six causes of thrombocytopenia to know:.

1. Viral Infections

One of the common causes of thrombocytopenia is viral infections. Certain viruses can cause the body to produce antibodies that attack platelets, leading to a low platelet count.

Viral infections such as HIV, hepatitis C, and Epstein-Barr virus can cause thrombocytopenia. It’s essential to get tested for these viruses to manage the condition effectively.

2. Medications

Some medications can cause thrombocytopenia as a side effect. Common drugs like heparin, quinine, and chemotherapy drugs can trigger the body to destroy its platelets.

If you notice a sudden decrease in your platelet count while taking medication, speak to your healthcare provider. They may need to switch the medication to something else that does not cause thrombocytopenia.

3. Pregnancy

Women who are pregnant are at risk of developing thrombocytopenia. Pregnancy-induced thrombocytopenia is generally a mild form of thrombocytopenia that occurs in the third trimester. It often goes away on its own and does not cause complications.

However, in some cases, it can cause severe bleeding, and the doctor may need to monitor the mother and fetus closely. If you are pregnant, make sure to receive regular prenatal care to monitor your condition.

4. Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune disorders like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) can trigger the body to attack its platelets. This causes thrombocytopenia.

People with an autoimmune disorder can do some self-care measures to prevent excessive bleeding. Avoiding activities that can cause injury or bruising, taking steps to stop bleeding quickly, and wearing protective gear can help.

5. Inherited Conditions

Thrombocytopenia can be an inherited condition. For example, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare inherited disorder that can cause thrombocytopenia. This syndrome affects the immune system and causes problems with the formation of blood clots.

People with an inherited condition can seek genetic counseling and testing to identify the cause of thrombocytopenia and manage their condition better.

6. Nutritional Deficiencies

A nutritional deficiency in vitamins like folate and B12 can cause thrombocytopenia. These vitamins are essential for the production of platelets. Eating a healthy diet with foods rich in vitamins and minerals can help maintain healthy platelet counts.

The Bottom Line

Thrombocytopenia can significantly impact a person’s health and well-being. Knowing the causes of thrombocytopenia can help to prevent complications and manage the condition better.

If you have a low platelet count, speak to your healthcare provider to identify the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.