Orthocele, also known as a rectocele or posterior prolapse, is a condition that occurs when the rectum protrudes into the back wall of the vagina.

This can result in various uncomfortable symptoms such as a sensation of pelvic fullness, difficulty with bowel movements, and even urinary incontinence. Understanding the triggers and treatment options for orthocele is crucial for managing this condition effectively. In this article, we will explore what causes orthocele and discuss some of the treatment approaches available.

Causes of Orthocele

Orthocele can be caused by a combination of factors, including:.

1. Weakening of Pelvic Floor Muscles

The pelvic floor muscles play a vital role in supporting the organs within the pelvic area, including the rectum. Over time, these muscles may weaken due to factors such as pregnancy, childbirth, or aging.

When the pelvic floor muscles are weakened, it can lead to the development of orthocele.

2. Trauma

In some cases, trauma to the pelvic area, such as during childbirth or certain accidents, can result in orthocele. The trauma can cause damage to the pelvic floor muscles or the connective tissues supporting the rectum.

3. Chronic Constipation

Chronic constipation, which involves straining during bowel movements for an extended period, can contribute to the development of orthocele.

The prolonged straining puts excessive pressure on the pelvic floor muscles, leading to their weakening and subsequent rectal prolapse.

4. Hormonal Changes

Fluctuations in hormone levels, particularly estrogen, can weaken the pelvic floor muscles. This weakening can increase the risk of orthocele, especially during menopause.

Treatment Options for Orthocele

When it comes to treating orthocele, several options are available depending on the severity of the condition. These treatment options include:.

1. Pelvic Floor Exercises

One of the primary treatment methods for orthocele is performing pelvic floor exercises, also known as Kegel exercises. These exercises involve contracting and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles to strengthen them over time.

Pelvic floor exercises can help alleviate the symptoms of orthocele and improve the overall support of the organs within the pelvic area.

2. Dietary and Lifestyle Modifications

Modifying your diet and lifestyle can also contribute to the effective management of orthocele. Including high-fiber foods in your diet and drinking plenty of water can help prevent constipation, reducing the strain on the pelvic floor muscles.

Additionally, maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding heavy lifting can help prevent additional pressure on the pelvic floor.

3. Vaginal Pessary

A vaginal pessary is a removable device that can be inserted into the vagina to provide support for the pelvic organs. It can be a non-surgical alternative for managing orthocele.

Vaginal pessaries come in different sizes and shapes to suit individual needs. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider are necessary to ensure the pessary is fitting properly and to prevent any complications.

4. Surgery

In severe cases of orthocele that are unresponsive to conservative treatments, surgery may be recommended. There are various surgical procedures available to repair the rectocele and restore the normal positioning of the rectum.

The choice of surgery depends on factors such as the extent of the prolapse and the patient’s overall health.

5. Hormone Replacement Therapy

For women experiencing orthocele due to hormonal changes, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be considered. HRT helps to stabilize hormone levels and prevent further weakening of the pelvic floor muscles.

However, HRT is a complex treatment option and should be discussed with a healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks.

6. Biofeedback Therapy

Biofeedback therapy is a technique that helps individuals gain control over certain bodily functions, including pelvic floor muscle contractions.

During a biofeedback session, sensors are used to provide feedback on muscle activity, enabling patients to learn how to strengthen and coordinate their pelvic floor muscles effectively.

Conclusion

Orthocele, or rectocele, can cause bothersome symptoms and impact one’s quality of life.

Understanding the underlying triggers, such as weakened pelvic floor muscles, trauma, chronic constipation, and hormonal changes, is essential for effective management. Treatment options vary, ranging from pelvic floor exercises, lifestyle modifications, and vaginal pessaries to surgery, hormone replacement therapy, and biofeedback therapy.

As always, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the most suitable treatment approach for individual cases of orthocele.