Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare but aggressive form of breast cancer that accounts for approximately 1-5% of all breast cancer cases in the United States.

It is often misdiagnosed as a breast infection or other less serious conditions due to its unique symptoms and presentation. Understanding the symptoms of IBC is crucial for early detection and treatment. In this article, we will discuss the key signs and symptoms of IBC and provide important information that everyone should know.

1. Rapid and noticeable breast changes

One of the most characteristic features of inflammatory breast cancer is the rapid and noticeable changes that occur in the breast. The affected breast may become larger, swollen, or noticeably different in size compared to the other breast.

These changes are often accompanied by skin changes, such as redness, warmth, or a dimpled appearance similar to an orange peel (known as peau d’orange).

2. Persistent breast pain or tenderness

While breast pain is a common symptom for many women, persistent or unexplained breast pain or tenderness can be a warning sign of inflammatory breast cancer.

The pain may not be relieved with over-the-counter pain medications and may become more intense over time. It is important to pay attention to any changes in breast pain and consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist.

3. Breast skin changes

The skin over the affected breast may appear swollen, thickened, or discolored. It may also have a pitted or ridged texture, similar to the skin of an orange.

These changes are caused by the buildup of fluid in the breast and the infiltration of cancer cells into the skin’s lymphatic vessels. If you notice any unusual changes in the appearance or texture of your breast skin, it is important to get it checked by a medical professional.

4. Nipple changes

Inflammatory breast cancer can cause changes in the nipple and areola. The nipple may become inverted, flattened, or retracted. There may also be unusual discharge, such as blood or clear fluid, coming from the nipple.

These changes are often accompanied by itching or a burning sensation in the nipple or areola. If you notice any persistent changes in your nipples, it is essential to seek medical attention for further evaluation.

5. Enlarged lymph nodes

Inflammatory breast cancer is characterized by the involvement of the lymphatic system, and therefore, the nearby lymph nodes may become enlarged and feel firm or tender to the touch.

These lymph nodes are often located in the armpit or above the collarbone. If you notice any lumps or swelling in these areas, it is important to have them examined by a healthcare professional as they may indicate the spread of cancer.

6. Breast heaviness or discomfort

Many women with inflammatory breast cancer describe a persistent feeling of heaviness or discomfort in the affected breast. This sensation is often likened to a deep ache or throbbing.

It is important to be aware of any unusual sensations or discomfort in the breast and consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation.

7. Flu-like symptoms

In some cases, inflammatory breast cancer may present with flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, fatigue, and body aches. These flu-like symptoms are often accompanied by the characteristic breast changes mentioned earlier.

It is important to pay attention to the combination of symptoms and seek medical advice if they persist.

8. Rapid progression

Unlike other forms of breast cancer, inflammatory breast cancer tends to develop and progress rapidly. The changes in the breast may occur over a matter of weeks or even days.

Due to this aggressive nature, early diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving outcomes and survival rates. If you notice any of the above symptoms, it is important to act promptly and seek immediate medical attention for further evaluation.

9. Risk factors

While the exact cause of inflammatory breast cancer remains unknown, certain risk factors may increase an individual’s likelihood of developing this type of breast cancer.

These risk factors include a family history of breast cancer, obesity, hormonal factors, and age (most commonly diagnosed in women between the ages of 40 and 60). However, it is important to note that IBC can occur in individuals without any of these risk factors.

10. Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosing inflammatory breast cancer can be challenging due to its atypical symptoms and rapid progression.

If IBC is suspected, a healthcare professional may perform a physical examination, order imaging tests (such as mammogram, ultrasound, or MRI), and conduct a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Treatment for inflammatory breast cancer typically involves a multimodal approach, which may include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy, depending on the stage and characteristics of the cancer.

It is important to remember that only a healthcare professional can provide an accurate diagnosis.

If you are experiencing any concerning symptoms or changes in your breast, it is essential to consult a medical professional for proper evaluation and guidance.