Have you noticed changes in your vision? Do you have trouble seeing at night or seeing clearly when looking at objects in the distance? If so, you may have keratoconus.

What is Keratoconus?

Keratoconus is a condition that affects the cornea of the eye. The cornea is the part of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina.

In a person with keratoconus, the cornea becomes thinner and weaker, causing it to bulge outward into a cone-like shape.

As the cornea becomes more misshapen, it can cause vision problems such as blurring, double vision, ghosting, astigmatism, and increased sensitivity to light.

These symptoms can often be corrected with glasses or contact lenses, but severe cases may require surgery.

Causes of Keratoconus

The cause of keratoconus is not fully understood. However, there are a few factors that have been linked to the condition:.

Genetics – Keratoconus has been found to run in families.
Eye Rubbing – Constant rubbing of the eyes can weaken the cornea and lead to keratoconus.
Eye Allergies – Severe allergies can cause eye rubbing and lead to keratoconus.
Connective Tissue Disorders – Certain disorders that affect the tissues of the body can also affect the cornea and lead to keratoconus.
UV Exposure – Long-term exposure to UV rays from the sun can weaken the cornea and lead to keratoconus.

Diagnosing Keratoconus

If you are experiencing symptoms of keratoconus, it is important to see an eye doctor for a comprehensive eye exam. During the exam, your doctor will perform several tests to evaluate the shape and thickness of your cornea.

One of the most common tests used to diagnose keratoconus is the corneal topography. This test uses a special instrument to create a 3D map of the surface of your cornea.

This map can help your doctor determine if your cornea is misshapen and if you have keratoconus.

Treatment for Keratoconus

The treatment for keratoconus depends on the severity of the condition. In mild to moderate cases, glasses or contact lenses may be used to correct vision problems.

Your doctor may also recommend specialized contact lenses, such as scleral lenses, which can provide better vision and greater comfort for those with keratoconus.

In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary. The most common procedure for keratoconus is a corneal transplant, in which the damaged cornea is replaced with a healthy donor cornea.

Other surgical options include corneal cross-linking, which strengthens the cornea, and implantable lenses, which can correct vision problems caused by keratoconus.

Preventing Keratoconus

While the underlying cause of keratoconus is not fully understood, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing the condition:.

Avoid rubbing your eyes
Manage your allergies
Protect your eyes from UV rays with sunglasses or a hat
Get regular eye exams to monitor the health of your eyes

Conclusion

Keratoconus is a condition that affects the shape of the cornea and can lead to vision problems. If you are experiencing symptoms of keratoconus, it is important to see an eye doctor for a comprehensive eye exam.

There are several treatment options available, including glasses, contact lenses, and surgery. By taking steps to protect your eyes and getting regular eye exams, you can help reduce your risk of developing keratoconus.