Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that affects the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina.

It is one of the most common types of cancer in women worldwide, but with early detection and proper treatment, it can be successfully managed.

What Causes Cervical Cancer?

The main cause of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a common sexually transmitted infection. HPV can cause changes in the cells of the cervix, leading to the development of cancer over time.

Signs and Symptoms of Cervical Cancer

Early stages of cervical cancer often don’t cause any noticeable symptoms. However, as the cancer progresses, the following signs and symptoms may appear:.

1. Abnormal vaginal bleeding

One of the most common signs of cervical cancer is abnormal vaginal bleeding. This can include bleeding between periods, after sex, or after menopause.

If you experience any unusual bleeding, it’s important to see a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

2. Pelvic pain

Cervical cancer may cause pelvic pain, which can be persistent and dull or sharp and severe. The pain may originate from the cervix or spread to the surrounding areas of the pelvis.

3. Unusual vaginal discharge

Another symptom of cervical cancer is abnormal vaginal discharge. This may be watery, bloody, or have a foul odor. If you notice any changes in your vaginal discharge, it’s essential to get it checked by a healthcare professional.

4. Pain during intercourse

Cervical cancer can cause discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse. This may be due to the presence of tumors or inflammation in the cervix.

5. Frequent urination

In some cases, cervical cancer can put pressure on the bladder, leading to frequent urination. If you find yourself needing to urinate more frequently than usual without any other apparent cause, it’s worth discussing with your doctor.

6. Pelvic mass

In advanced stages of cervical cancer, a pelvic mass or swelling may be noticeable. This can be felt during a pelvic examination or may be detected through imaging tests, such as an ultrasound or MRI.

7. Fatigue and weight loss

As with many types of cancer, cervical cancer may cause fatigue and unexplained weight loss. These symptoms usually occur when the cancer has progressed and begun to affect the body’s overall functioning.

8. Back or leg pain

In some instances, cervical cancer can spread to the surrounding tissues and organs, including the spine and legs. This may cause persistent back or leg pain, which should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

9. Swollen legs

In advanced cases, cervical cancer may lead to blockage of the lymphatic system, causing swelling in the legs. This condition, known as lymphedema, requires medical attention and management.

10. Anemia

If cervical cancer causes chronic bleeding, it can result in anemia, a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count. Anemia can cause symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Final Thoughts

Knowing the signs and symptoms of cervical cancer is crucial for early detection and timely treatment. If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional.

Regular screenings and HPV vaccinations can also help prevent cervical cancer, so make sure to prioritize your cervical health.