Depression is a serious mental disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It’s a common condition that can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life, relationships, and professional success.

While there’s no one cause of depression, various factors can increase a person’s risk of developing this mental illness. Here are some of the determinants of depression risk:.

Genetic Factors

Research has shown that depression can run in families. If you have a first-degree relative (such as a parent or sibling) with depression, your risk of developing the condition increases by about two to three times.

While the exact genes responsible for this increased risk are still being studied, studies suggest that multiple genes may be involved in depression development.

Brain Chemistry & Hormones

The chemicals in your brain called neurotransmitters play a significant role in regulating mood, emotions, and behavior.

Neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, and gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) are essential for brain functioning. However, imbalances in these chemicals can lead to various mood disorders, including depression. Some hormones, such as thyroid hormone, cortisol, and estrogen, can also affect brain chemistry and increase the risk of depression development.

Life Changes & Stressful Events

Lifestyle changes, such as moving to a new place, getting divorced, losing a job, or experiencing a death in the family, can lead to depression.

In addition, ongoing stress from relationships, work, and financial problems can accumulate and eventually trigger depression. These life changes and stressful events can disrupt the brain’s chemical balance and increase inflammation that leads to depression.

Chronic Illnesses

Chronic medical conditions such as cancer, chronic pain, heart disease, and diabetes can increase the risk of developing depression.

Managing chronic illnesses can be challenging and can lead to decreased quality of life, which puts people at greater risk for depression.

A History of Other Mental Health Disorders

People who have experienced other mental health disorders, such as anxiety or substance abuse, are at increased risk of developing depression.

There may be some overlap in the causes of these conditions, and treatment for one disorder may not necessarily prevent the development of another.

Family History of Substance Abuse

Depression and substance abuse often occur together. Studies have shown that people who have a family history of substance abuse are more likely to develop depression and have a harder time treating it.

Alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine are some of the substances that can lead to depression in frequent users.

Sleep Problems

Sleep deprivation and sleep disorders such as insomnia can increase the risk of developing depression. Sleep is essential for good mental health and well-being.

Lack of sleep can cause irritability, fatigue, and mood changes that can lead to depression development over time.

Gender

Women are more likely than men to experience depression. Hormonal changes, pregnancy and childbirth, and other factors may increase women’s susceptibility to this condition.

In addition, men may be less likely to seek treatment for depression due to societal stigmas surrounding mental health conditions and masculinity.

Age

Depression can occur at any age, but it’s more prevalent in older adults. The risk of depression increases as people age due to changes in physical health, loss of loved ones, and decreasing social connections.

Treatment for Depression

If you’re experiencing depression, it’s essential to seek treatment. Depression is a treatable medical condition that can be managed with therapy, medication, or a combination of both.

The earlier you seek treatment, the better your chances of recovery.