Sensory processing is the ability of the brain to organize and interpret sensory information from the environment. This can include processing information from the five senses: sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell.

However, it can also include processing information from the body, such as balance and proprioception (the sense of where the body is in space).

What is Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)?

Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) is a condition where the brain has difficulty organizing and interpreting sensory information. This can lead to an inability to respond appropriately to sensory input, or an overreaction to sensory input.

SPD can affect any of the senses, or a combination of senses. It can also affect a person’s ability to regulate their emotions and behavior in response to sensory input.

What are the Symptoms of SPD?

The symptoms of SPD can vary from person to person, but some common symptoms include:.

Oversensitivity or undersensitivity to sensory input
Difficulty with coordination and balance
Difficulty with fine motor skills
Difficulty with social interaction
Difficulty with transitions or changes in routine
Intense or frequent mood swings or tantrums

How is SPD Diagnosed?

SPD can be difficult to diagnose, as there is no specific test for the condition.

A diagnosis is typically made by a trained healthcare professional, such as an occupational therapist or a developmental pediatrician, who will observe the child’s behavior and conduct a thorough evaluation.

What Causes SPD?

The exact cause of SPD is unknown, but it is thought to be a neurological condition. Some studies have shown that genetics may play a role in the development of SPD, and premature birth and low birth weight have also been linked to the condition.

How is SPD Treated?

The treatment for SPD can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the individual needs of the child. Some common treatments for SPD include:.

Occupational therapy, which can help a child develop skills to cope with sensory input
Speech therapy, which can help with language development and social communication skills
Sensory integration therapy, which uses play-based activities to help a child integrate and respond appropriately to sensory input
Behavioral therapy, which can help a child learn coping strategies for challenging behaviors
Dietary changes, which may help reduce sensory issues related to food and digestion

How Can You Help Your Child at Home?

There are many things you can do at home to help your child cope with sensory processing difficulties:.

Provide a consistent routine and schedule
Avoid sensory overload by limiting the amount of stimuli in the environment
Provide opportunities for sensory input through play, such as swinging or jumping on a trampoline
Encourage your child to participate in a variety of activities to promote development in all areas
Communicate with your child’s healthcare provider and advocate for your child’s needs at school and other activities

Conclusion

Sensory processing difficulties can be challenging for both the child and their family. However, with the right diagnosis and treatment, children with SPD can learn to cope with their sensory differences and thrive.

If you suspect your child may be struggling with sensory processing, talk to their healthcare provider about getting an evaluation.